MERGINjE. mergus. 
299 
Mergus Serrator, Red-breasted Merganser, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. 
p. 462. 
Red-breasted Merganser, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 463. 
Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus Serrator, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 92. 
414. 3. Mergus cucullatus, Linn. Hooded Merganser. 
Plate CCXXXIII. Male and Female. 
Male with an elongated, compressed, rounded crest, the tail with 
eighteen feathers ; bill black, feet yellowish-brown ; upper part of the 
head, back, smaller wing-coverts, quills, and tail brownish-black ; 
sides of the head, upper half of neck all round, the broad extremities 
of the large feathers on the shoulders, the scapulars, inner secondaries, 
and larger wing-coverts, greenish-black ; a broad patch of white be- 
hind the eye, very conspicuous in the erected crest j lower part of 
neck and breast also white, as are the speculum and the central part 
of the inner secondaries ; sides beautifully marked with undulated 
transverse lines of yellowish-brown and brownish-black ; lower tail- 
coverts whitish, similarly undulated. Female much smaller, with the 
crest less elongated, and of looser texture ; bill brownish-black, to- 
wards the base orange ; upper part of head, including the crest, yel- 
lowish-brown ; chin whitish ; upper part of neck all round, and sides 
of head greyish-brown ; general colour of the back, upper surface of 
wings, tail, and sides, blackish-brown, the feathers edged with paler. 
Young, when fledged, like the female, but with the crest shorter. 
Male, 19, 26. Female, 17 i, 24. 
Breeds sparingly in South Carolina, along the Mississippi, Ohio, and 
the Great Lakes, as well as farther northward. Abundant, during au- 
tumn and winter, on all the western and southern waters ; rarer in the 
Middle Atlantic Districts. 
Mergus cucullatus, Bonap. Syu. p. 397. 
Hooded Merganser, Mergus cucullatus, WiLS. Amer. Orn. v. viii. p. 79. 
Mergus cucullatus. Hooded Merganser, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. 
p. 463. 
Hooded Merganser, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 465. 
Hooded Merganser, Mergus cucullatus, Aud. Om. Biog. v. iii. p. 246 ; v. v. p. 619. 
415. 4. Mergus Albellus, Linn. White Merganser. — Smew. 
White Nun. 
Plate CCCXLVII. Male and Female. 
Male with a longitudinal crest ; tail graduated, of sixteen feathers ; 
bill black, feet livid blue ; head, neck, lower parts, scapulars, and a 
patch on the wing, white ,* a short band on each side of the hind neck 
bordering the crest, duck-green ; a broad patch on the lore and below 
the eye, a narrow band across the lower part of the hind neck, formed 
by single bars near the tips of the feathers, the middle of the back in 
nearly its whole length, a short transverse bar under the fore edge of 
