330 
PROCELLARIN^. 
toward the end of the lower mandible, feet flesh-coloured; head, 
neck, lower parts, rump and tail, pure white ; back and wings deep 
blackish-purple or dark slate-colour ; edges of wing and a large portion 
of the extremities of all the quills white ; the second, third, fourth, and 
fifth primaries with a broad band of black across their ends. Young 
when fledged with the bill brownish-black, the iris dark brown, the 
feet as in the adult ; the head and neck greyish- white, streaked with 
pale brownish-grey ; upper parts mottled with brownish -black, brown- 
ish-grey, and dull white, the rump paler ; primary quills blackish- 
brown, slightly tipped with brownish-white ; tail-feathers white, with a 
large brownish-black patch towards the end, larger on the middle fea- 
thers, which are also barred towards the base with dusky ; lower parts 
greyish-white, sides and lower tail-coverts obscurely mottled with 
greyish-brown. 
Male, 29h, 67. 
Not uncommon during winter as far south as Florida, the young 
especially. Common from New York to Labrador, where it breeds. 
Lake Erie, Ontario, the St Lawrence, Ohio, and Mississippi Rivers. 
Columbia River. 
Lai’us marinus, Linn. Syst. Nat. v. i. p. 225." 
Black-backed Gull or Cobb, Nutt. Man. v. ii. p. 308. 
Great Black-billed Gull, Lai'us marinus, Aun. Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 305 ; v.v. p. 636. 
FAMILY XLIII. PROCELLARINtE. FULMARS. 
Bill generally shorter than the head, moderately stout, 
compressed ; ppper mandible with the ridge formed of two 
generally united plates, at the anterior part of which, usual- 
ly about half the length of the bill, are the nostrils ; the 
sides separated by a groove, the tip a decurved, compressed, 
pointed unguis ; lower mandible with the angle very long 
and narrow, the tip more or less decurved. Head of mode- 
rate size, ovate ; neck of moderate length ; body compact. 
Feet of ordinary length, rather slender ; tibia bare below for 
a short space ; tarsus little compressed, anteriorly scutellate ; 
toes four, the first extremely small and elevated, with a co- 
nical deflected claw ; anterior toes webbed ; the third and 
fourth nearly equal. Claws arched, compressed, acute. Plu- 
mage full, soft, rather compact above. Wings long, rather 
broad, pointed, the first quill generally longest. Tail short, 
