TANAGRIDiE — THE TANAGERS. 
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White patch on primaries reaching only about half-way to end of 
first quill. Nasal tufts hoary-grayish above. 
Black of lores bordered above by hoary-whitish. Tail as in elegans , 
— secondaries as in excubitoroides. Beneath very 'strongly tinged 
with plumbeous laterally and across breast. Upper tail-coverts like 
the back, posterior scapulars only inclining to white. Axillars 
plumbeous. Wing, 3.80 ; tail, 3.95 ; tarsus, 1.00 ; bill, .50. Eggs 
yellowish or clayey white, blotched or marbled with brown, pur- 
ple, or gray. Hab. South Atlantic and Gulf States. ( Loggerhead 
Shrike .) . var. lu dovicianus . 
Family GZEREBXDiE. — The Creepers. 
Similar to Sylvicolidce , the gape of mouth less ; tongue brush-like at tip. 
Genus CERTHXOLA, Sundevall. 
Gen. Char. Bill nearly as long as the head ; as high as broad at base, elongated, conical, 
very acute, and gently decurved from base to tip. Culmen uniformly convex ; gonys 
concave. USTo bristles at base of bill. Tail rounded, rather shorter than the wings. Tarsi 
longer than the middle toe. Iris brown ? Nest pensile and arched. Eggs with yellow- 
ish ground dotted thickly with rufous spots. 
C . bahamensis. Above dull dusky -brown ; rump and edge of wing yellow. Beneath 
ashy-white ; a pale yellow triangular patch on front of breast. A white stripe from bill 
above eye to nape ; and a white patch at base of primaries. Outer tail-feathers tipped with 
white. Length, 4.40; wing, 2.30. Hab. Bahamas, straggling to Florida. ( Bahama 
Creeper.') 
Family TANAGRXDiE. — The Tanagers. 
Char. Primaries nine. Bill usually conical, sometimes depressed or attenuated, usually 
more or less triangular at base, and with the cutting edges not much inflected ; sometimes 
toothed or notched. Legs short ; claws curved ; colors usually brilliant. 
Genus PYRANGA, Yieill. 
Gen. Char. Bill somewhat straight ; subconical, cylindrical, notched at tip ; culmen 
moderately curved ; commissure with a median acute lobe. Wings elongated; the four 
first primaries longest. Tail moderate} slightly forked. Colors of the male chiefly scarlet, 
of the female yellowish. Iris brown. In North American species the nest built on trees; 
shallow, of fibrous roots, etc., not compactly put together. Eggs greenish, blotched with 
lilac, purple, and brown. Length about 7.25, except in var. cooperi. 
Species and Varieties. 
A. Wing and tail blackish, or deep black, in more or less striking contrast to 
the color of the upper parts. Wing with two light bands (except in P. rubra), 
a. Body and head red in the $ ; yellow in the 9 • 
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