48 
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
:C: a- vm™' M&'M ', 
| across lower back. Length, 6.25 ; wing, 3.50 ; tail, 2.60. Hab. Northern 
North America ; “Himalayas”; “Japan.” {White-winged Crossbill.) 
var. leucopter a. 
2. Body, etc., cinnabar-red ; back nearly wholly red. Hob. Europe. 
I var. bifasciata. 
1 Genus JBG-IOTHUS, Caban. (Page 44.) 
Species and Varieties. 
Common Characters. Adult. Above streaked with dusky upon a brownish, 
or brown and whitish, ground ; wing-coverts tipped with whitish or pale brown. 
Beneath whitish, streaked on the sides with dusky. An indistinct, lighter super- 
ciliary stripe. Nest in trees or bushes, sometimes in grass ; full and soft. Eggs 
bluish-white, dotted with brown. Male. Rump tinged with rose-pink. Female. 
Rump not tinged with pinkish. Juv. Without any red, and with the whole 
lower parts thickly streaked. 
A. Crown with a square patch of crimson, in adult ; throat and chin with 
a dusky spot ; quills and tail-feathers not edged conspicuously with white. 
$ with the breast tinged with red. 
1. A. canescens. Rump unstreaked white (both sexes, at all sea- 
sons) ; the lower tail-coverts with white shafts ; the red tinge on the 
breast in the of a delicate pale rosaceous-pink tint. (Mealy Red- 
Poll.) 
Bill very short and thick, its height through the base nearly 
equalling the length of the culmen. Length, 6.00 ; wing, 3.20 ; tail, 
2.65. Bill: culmen, .35; height, .30. Hab. Greenland var. canescens . 
Bill much smaller, more acute, its height through the base much 
less than the length of the culmen. Length, 5.50 : wing, 3.00 ; 
tail, 2.50. Bill : culmen, .30 ; height, .22. Hab. Continental arctic 
America «... var. exilipes. 
2. A. Unarms. Rump always streaked ; lower tail-coverts with dusky 
shaft-streaks ; the red tinge on the breast of the $ of a rosaceous- 
carmine tint. (Lesser Red-PolV) 
Bill about .35 in length by .22 in height. Length, 5.50 ; wing, 
2.80 ; tail, 2.40. Hab. Continental arctic and cold temperate North 
America ......... var. linarius . 
Bill about .40, or more, in length, by .30 in height. Length, 5.75 ; 
wing, 3.20; tail, 2.60. Hab. Greenland in summer, and Conti- 
nental arctic and cold temperate North America in winter var. ho lb olli. 
So Crown without any red ; throat and chin without any dusky spot ; quills 
and tail-feathers of adult male edged conspicuously with white. $ with- 
out red tinge on the breast. 
3. A. flavirostris. Rump rose-pink in the ^ , brown streaked with 
dusky in 9 • No red on crown or breast. 
9. Above umber-brown streaked with dusky; ground-color of 
rump light brown; throat and jugulum strongly ochraceous-buff. 
Hab. Europe. <• ..... var. flavir 0 stris. 
9- Above olive-brown streaked with dusky; ground-color of 
rump sulphur-yellow; throat and jugulum faintly sulphur-yellow, 
tinged with buff. Length about 5.50; wing, 3.00; tail, 2.50. 
Hab. Massachusetts. (Brewster's Linnet.) . . var. b r ew steri. 
masatm 
-Jig 
