NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
66 
about 4.00 ; wing, about 2.00 ; tail, 1.75. Nest domed, with circular opening on side, 
placed in shrubbery ; eggs white, spotted with red. Hab. West Indies and Key West, 
Florida. ( Black-faced Finch.) 
Genus PYRRHTTLOXIA, Bonap. (Page 63.) 
BBSS 
££83 
P. sinuata. General color pale ashy-brown. Hood, sides of neck, and under parts 
of body, rather paler. Long crest-feathers, bill all round including lores and encircling 
the eye, wing and tail, dark crimson. Chin and upper part of throat, breast, and median 
line of the belly, under tail-coverts, tibiae, edge and inner coverts of the wings, bright 
carmine-red. Bill yellowish. Length, about 9.50 ; wing, 3.75 ; tail, 4.50. Female simi- 
lar, with the under part brownish-yellow ; middle of belly and throat only tinged with 
red. Nest and eggs scarcely distinguishable from those of Cardinalis. virginianus. Hah. 
Valley of the Rio Grande of Texas and westward ; Cape St. Lucas ; Mazatlan, Mexico. 
(Texas Cardinal.) 
Genus CARDINALIS, Bonap. (Page 63.) 
C. virginianus. Male. Bright vermilion-red : feathers adjoining base of bill 
black for greater or less extent. Female. Above olivaceous, the wings, tail, and 
crest reddish ; beneath olivaceous- whitish, slightly tinged on jugulum with 
red. Length about 8.50; wing, 4.00; tail, 4.50. Nest in shrubbery, of dry 
twigs, leaves, etc. ; eggs white, thickly and coarsely marked with brown and 
lavender. 
a. Black of the lores passing broadly across forehead. Crest brownish-red. 
Bill moderate. Hah. Eastern Province of United States, south of 40°. 
Bermudas. ( Cardinal Grosbeak.) ..... var. vir ginianus. 
b. Black of the lores not meeting across forehead. Crest pure vermilion. 
Hab. Cape St. Lucas, and Arizona ; Tres Marias Islands. ( Cape Cardinal.) 
var. igneus. 
Genus PIPILO, Yieillot. (Page 63.) 
Iris mostly reddish, yellowish, or even sometimes white. 
A. Sides and lower tail-coverts rufous, in sharp contrast with the clear white of 
the abdomen. Tail-feathers with whitish patch on end of inner webs. Nest on 
the ground ; eggs dull white, with coarse dots and blotches of brown. Iris red- 
dish (white in one variety). Length about 8.75 ; wing, 3.75 ; tail, 4.10, or 
ratheuless. (See Section I. Page 67.) 
a. Head and neck black, sharply defined against the white of breast. Rump 
olive or blackish. , 
Black or dusky olive above. 
1. P. erythrophthalmus. No white spots on wing-coverts, nor on 
scapulars. A white patch on base of primaries. Hab. Eastern Province 
of United States. (Two races.) (Page 67.) 
2. P. maculatus. White spots on tips of both rows of wing-coverts, 
and on scapulars. No white patch on base of primaries. Hab. Mexico, 
and United States west of the Missouri. (Five races.) (Page 67.) 
Sides ashy or tinged with ochraceous ; lower tail-coverts ochraceous, not 
sharply contrasted with white on the abdomen, or else the abdomen concolor 
with the side. Head never black, and upper parts usually without light mark- 
ings. 
