140 
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Whitish, with transverse dusky spots. On the lower parts, the dusky spots or 
cloudings largest and most suffused anteriorly (on the jugulum and breast). 
Terminal portion of the tail with several irregular dusky bands. . (Sometimes 
almost entirely black, varying in shade from a brownish to a carbonaceous 
tint!) Young. Above grayish-brown, longitudinally spotted with dusky, 
and more or less edged with pale ochraceous, or rusty whitish. Beneath 
ochraceous-white, with the spots largest and most suffused posteriorly, form- 
ing a wide, more or less continuous, belt across the abdomen ; markings on 
the jugulum and breast longitudinal. Terminal portion of the tail without 
transverse bars. 
Spots on the jugulum, in the adult, suffused into a nearly uniform 
patch. Never melanistic (?). Hab. Europe. ( Rough-Legged Hawk .) 
var. I a g o p u s. 
Spots on the jugulum, in the adult, scattered. Frequently melanistic. 
Hab. 1ST or th America. (. American Rough- Leg. ) var. sancti-johannis . 
Genus AQTTXLA, Auctorum. (Page 125.) 
A. chrysaetus. Wing, 23.00-27.00; tail, 14.00-16.00; culmen, 1.50- 
1.90 ; tarsus, 3.40 - 4.20 ; middle toe, 2.40 - 3.10. Third to fifth quill longest; 
- first shorter than seventh or eighth. Color blackish-brown, or umber-brown, 
nearly uniform, except on the tail ; nuchal cape of lanceolate feathers, and 
tarsi of a paler and more tawny tint. Bill black ; iris brown. Adult. Tail 
transversely clouded with ashy, and not white at the base ; feathers of the • 
body not distinctly white beneath the surface. Young. Tail with the basal 
half plain white, the terminal portion plain blackish ; feathers of the body 
distinctly white beneath the surface. Hab. The Northern Hemisphere. 
Tarsi of adult pale umber; of young, dirty whitish. Hab. Northern 
and temperate parts of Old World. (. European Golden Eagle.') 
var. chrysaetus. 
Tarsi of adult deep umber; of young, light brown. Length of male, 
30 to 35 inches ; of female, 33 to 40. Hab. Northern and Middle North 
America, especially in the mountainous regions. (. American Golden 
Eagle ; Mountain Eagle.) var .canadensis. 
Genus HALI^ITUB, Savigny. (Page 125.) 
Common Characters. Adult. Bill, cere, and iris yellow. Tail, and some- 
times the head and neck, white. Young. Bill and cere black ; iris dark brown. 
Tail, head, and neck, blackish. 
A. Tail of fourteen feathers, cuneate, or graduated, for nearly half its length. 
Nostril with its lower end acute, bevelled gradually to the level of the cere ; 
upper outline of the cere very convex ; lore naked. 
1. H. pelagicus. Length of female, 45 inches ; wing, 26 ; tail, 16. 
Hab. Kamtschatka and adjacent regions of Eastern Asia. 
B. Tail of twelve feathers, only slightly rounded. Lower end of the nostril 
rounded, opening more abruptly inward ; upper outline of the cere nearly 
straight ; lores scantily feathered. 
2. H. albicilla. Length of male, 31 to 34 inches.; female, 35 to 40; 
young larger than adult. Wing, 23.00 - 28.00 ; tail, 11.50-16.00; 
