CH.\PTER I. 
GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION OF NEW ZEALAND — DISCOVERY AND 
SURVEY OF THE ISLANDS BY CAPTAIN COOK — GENERAL ASPECT 
OF THE COUNTRY — MOUNTAINS AND HILLS — CAVES — HOT 
SPRINGS — UNSOUND EARTH— LAKES — RIVERS — WATERFALLS — 
SWAMPS — FORESTS— HARBOURS— EUROPEAN RESIDENTS— ESTA- 
BLISHMENTS FOR W’HALE AND SEAL FISHERIES. 
The extensive and beautiful islands known by 
the name of New Zealand, including Stewart’s 
Island, are three in number. They stretch from 
34 ° 25 ' to 47 ° 20 ' south latitude; being nearly 
nine hundred miles from the North to the South 
Cape: and from Dusky Bay, or West Cape, to 
the longitude of Cape East, or Hicks’s Bay, there 
intervene upwards of eleven degrees of east 
longitude; the former Cape being in 167 °, and 
the latter in 178 °, east of Greenwich. The North 
Cape of the northern island is nearly parallel, 
in latitude, with the heads of Port Jackson, and 
is always steered for by vessels coming from 
that colony to the Bay of Islands; which bay 
presents a fine and extensive harbour on the 
east coast, about ninety miles from the Cape, 
The first land generally made, is the ‘‘ Three 
Kings,” about forty miles distant from Cape Maria 
Van Dieman, a promontory, separated from Cape 
North by a deep bay ; which, however, does not 
afford anchorage for vessels. 
B 
