Vlll 
INTRODUCTION. 
Ganglioneura Rudolph i, Beitr. z. Anthrop . 1812. 
Malacosia Rafinesque , Anal . Nat 40. 1815. 
Apalosia Rafinesque , Pm?. 12. 1814. ; AwaZ. AaZ. 137. 1815. 
Brachiopneusta Fischer. 
Malacozoa (Les Malacozoaires) Blainv. Journ. Phys. 1816 ; Man. 
Malac. 362. 1825 ; Bronn , Gesch. de Nat iii. 1847. 
Malacozoaria Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxii. 171. 1824. 
Gasterozoa Cams , Ueher Thierr. 1826 ; Ohen , His. 1828. 
Dermatozoa Fitzinger , aSV/sZ. 8. 1843. 
Mollusques or Malacozoaires Blainv. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, 
12 . 2 . 
Mollusca or Cyclogangliata Grant , Outlines , Lectures , 1833, 17. 
Synopsis of the Classes. 
A. Animal crawling on a Foot placed under the Body.-— Pe (lifer a. 
I. Gasteropoda (Gasteropodes). Head distinct, furnished with 
eyes and tentacles, and usually protected by one large 
conical valve, the other being rudimentary or abortive. 
II. Conchifera ( Conchifers ). Mouth placed between the gills ; 
they and the body being enclosed between the two large 
leaves of the mantle, which are covered with two equal or 
subequal valves, united along the back by a cartilage. 
B. Animal destitute of a Foot , or with only a rudimentary one . — 
Apoda. 
III. Brachiopoda ( Brachiopodes ). Mouth placed at the base of 
two spirally twisted ciliated arms, between the two leaves of 
the mantle, which are covered with two separate shelly 
valves. They live attached to other marine bodies. 
IV. Pteropoda ( Pteropodes ). Head prominent, with one or two 
pairs of fins on the side of the neck, by which they move 
about in the ocean. Body often covered with a thin, glossy, 
conoidal shell. 
V. Cephalopoda ( Cephalopodes ). Head large, distinct, furnished 
with eight or ten or more arms, by means of which they 
head downwards. 
