306 
WEAPONS. 
chief weapon of offence over all the known parts of 
the continent, is of two kinds, one kind is used with 
the throwing stick, and the other is thrown out of the 
hand ; of each there are four varieties that I am ac- 
quainted with. Of those launched with the throwing 
stick there are — 1, the kiko, or reed spear, pointed 
with hard wood ; 2, the kiero, or hard wood spear, 
with about two feet of the flower- stem of the grass- 
tree jointed to the upper end ; 3, a similar weapon, 
with five or six jags cut in the solid wood of the 
point upon one side; and 4, the light hard wood spear 
of Port Lincoln, and the coast to the eastward, where 
a single barb is spliced on at the extreme point with 
the sinew of the emu or the kangaroo : each spear 
averages from six to eight feet in length, and is 
thrown with facility and precision to distances, vary- 
ing from thirty to one hundred yards, according 
to the kind made use of, and the skill of the native 
in using it. 
Of the large spear there is — 1, the karkuroo, or 
smooth heavy spear, made of the gum-scrub ; 2, the 
same description of weapon, barbed with fragments 
of flint or quartz ; 3, another variety, having five 
or six jags cut at the point, upon one side; and 4, 
a similar weapon, with the same number of barbs 
cut upon both sides of the point : each of them is 
from twelve to fourteen feet long, and is thrown 
with most deadly force and accuracy to distances of 
from thirty to forty feet. The fishing spear has 
already been described. The Ng^-wa-onk, or throw- 
