74 
John R. Holsinger and David C. Culver 
Order Diplura 
Cavernicolous diplurans (Fig. 3 1C) are represented in the study 
area by a single genus, Litocampa (Campodeidae), and six species. Only 
one of the species has been described; the remainder were recognized in 
a thesis and a dissertation by Ferguson (1974, 1981a), but descriptions 
have not been published to date and formal names are not available. All 
species of Litocampa (formerly a subgenus of Plusiocampa ) in North 
America are troglobites (Ferguson 1981b). The range of Litocampa jn 
the study area is restricted to the New and Tennessee drainage basins 
(Fig. 26). Cavernicolous diplurans are generally found on damp mud or 
silt banks near streams and occasionally on damp to wet surfaces 
elsewhere. They are sometimes locally abundant on organically enriched 
silt but otherwise usually uncommon in a given cave. 
Litocampa cookei inhabits caves of the Powell Valley and parts of 
the adjacent Clinch Valley. The species is also recorded from caves in 
south-central Kentucky and middle Tennessee, where it is common and 
fairly widespread (Ferguson 1974). The other species are endemic to the 
Appalachian Valley and eastern side of the Appalachian Plateau and, 
with two exceptions, are known only from caves in the study area. 
Litocampa sp. A and D have very restricted ranges; the former is found 
only in caves of the Ward Cove karst in Tazewell County, and the latter 
is known only from a single cave in Hancock County. In comparison, L. 
sp. B, C, and E have wider ranges as indicated by the records cited 
below. 
Litocampa sp. B is recorded from caves in the New River basin 
(southeast of Walker and Gap mountains) and parts of the Holston 
basin. In addition to three caves in Scott County, L. sp. C has been 
found in Angel Cave on Pine Mountain, just west of the study area in 
Letcher County, Ky. (Ferguson 1981a). Litocampa sp. E has a 
moderately extensive range that covers parts of the New, Holston, and 
Clinch basins and includes one cave just outside the study area in 
Mercer County, W.Va. (Ferguson 1974, Holsinger et al. 1976). 
Family Campodeidae 
Litocampa cookei (Packard) (TB) 
Tenneessee. — Campbell Co.: Meredith and Norris Dam caves. 
Claiborne Co.: Tazewell Saltpetre Cave. Hancock Co.: Panther 
Creek and Subers caves. 
Virginia. — Lee Co.: Gallohan No. 1, Molly Wagle, Sweet Potato, 
and Young-Fugate caves. Scott Co.: Spurlock Cave. Wise Co.: 
Little Kennedy, Parsons, and Rocky Hollow caves. 
Litocampa sp. A (L. M. Ferguson, in ms.) (TB) 
Virginia. — Tazewell Co.: Bowens, Fallen Rock (type locality), 
Gillespie Water, and Lost Mill No. 1 and 3 caves. 
