Revision of Trechus 
47 
Type series. — Holotype male (AMNH) and 29 paratypes, one mile (1.6 
km) east of Melrose, from small, wet ravines on the south side of the gorge 
of the North Pacolet River, elevation 1300 feet (350 m), Polk County, 
North Carolina, 13 July 1969, T. C. Barr. 
Measurements (in mm). — Holotype male: total length 3.7, head 0.86 
long X 0.74 wide, pronotum 0.74 long X 1.02 wide, elytra 2.14 long X 
1.60 wide, antenna 1.66 long. 
Distribution. — Known only from the type locality. 
Discussion. — It is remarkable that this distinctive subspecies of T. 
schwarzi should occur at such a low elevation, since both of the other sub- 
species are known only at altitudes above 4500 feet (1400 m). The type 
locality lies in second-growth forest between U. S. 176 and the Southern 
Railway tracks a few miles southeast of Saluda. All specimens in the 
series were collected from beneath mosses and liverworts on stones in or 
at the edge of small, spring-fed brooks, where the cool temperature and 
high humidity apparently create a suitable microenvironment. Trechus s. 
saludae occurs farther from the eastern slope of the mountains and at a 
lower elevation than any other North Carolina Trechus species yet known. 
Melrose is approximately 35 miles (55 km) southeast of Mt. Pisgah, the 
easternmost locality at which T. s. schwarzi has been collected. 
The three taxa here placed in polytypic T. schwarzi are probably all ex- 
trinsically isolated at the present time. However, survival of the T. 
schwarzi stock at a comparatively low elevation near Saluda suggests that 
other such insular populations may be scattered across the lowland areas 
separating the three subspecies, perhaps restricted to cool, wet ravines in 
the vicinity of springs. A gradual cooling of the regional climate could 
unite these populations again. 
Trechus ( Trechus ) cumberlandus Barr 
Barr 1962:76, Fig. 9. Type locality, ‘Lish Steele Caves, Wayne County, 
Kentucky; type deposited in USNM. 
Trechus cumberlandus , closely similar to T. schwarzi but without a distinct 
apical knob at the tip of the aedeagus, is a vicar species to T. schwarzi , oc- 
curring in the Cumberland plateau of eastern Kentucky and Tennessee. 
Elsewhere (Barr 1962, 1969) I interpreted the species as a Wisconsin 
relic. The range of T. cumberlandus extends along the western margin of the 
Cumberland plateau from Rockcastle County, Kentucky, to Grundy 
County, Tennessee. It has been collected in eleven localities, as follows: 
KENTUCKY: Rockcastle County. — Pine Hill Cave, at Pine Hill; Sinks of 
