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John B. Andre 
marsh, tidal creeks, and the intracoastal waterway separate the island 
from the mainland by a distance of about 3 km. 
Stalter (1974; manuscript) listed the plant species of Bulls Island and 
described three major and two minor plant communities. Hosier’s (1975) 
descriptions of the plant communities of Kiawah Island, Charleston 
County, although more detailed than Stalter’s Bulls Island studies, 
showed that the two islands are similar in vegetation. I followed Hosier’s 
classification to delineate the habitats on Bulls Island, recognizing the 
following: fore and rear sand dune; salt spray forest; maritime live oak 
forest; freshwater marsh; salt marsh; and old-field. A residential area 
consisting of one house and a workshop made up a seventh small mam- 
mal habitat surveyed. 
The dominant vegetation of each habitat (excluding the residential 
area) follows: (1) sand dune. — sea oats, Uniola paniculata; croton, 
Croton punctatus\ sea elder, Iva imbricata; and panic grass, Panicum 
amarum. (2) salt spray forest. — live oak, Quercus virginiana\ red bay, 
Persea borbonia; wax myrtle, Myrica cerifera; and yaupon. Ilex vomi- 
toria. (3) live oak forest. — live oak; loblolly pine, Pinus taeda; Darling- 
ton oak, Quercus laurifolia\ and magnolia. Magnolia grandiflora. (4) 
freshwater marsh. — cattail, Typha sp.\ rush, Scirpus sp.; wax myrtle; 
cabbage palmetto, Sabal palmetto; and willow, Salix caroliniana. (5) salt 
marsh. — smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora. (6) old-field — 
broomsedge, Andropogon sp.; and other grasses and herbaceous plants. 
Small mammals, i.e. those capturable in mouse and rat snap traps, 
were collected during 17 days of trapping between 18 December 1978 and 
10 February 1979. Trapping was conducted from 18 to 20 December, 9 to 
12 and 23 to 26 January, and 7 to 10 February. Trapping effort was not 
equal in all habitats (see Table 1) due to time and material constraints. 
Six trapping transects, one per habitat (excluding the residential area), 
were established. Each had 12 trapping sites, placed at 5 m intervals, and 
each site included one rat and three mouse snap traps situated 4 m apart 
along a line perpendicular to the transect. Thus, each transect contained 
48 traps and was 12 m wide and 55 m long. 
Transect width was reduced in the freshwater and salt marsh habitat 
edges to minimize the chance of trapping animals from adjacent habitats. 
Twenty-eight mouse and eleven rat traps were selectively placed in and 
around the residential area to determine small mammal occurrence and 
the results are included in Table 1. Eight rat traps were placed on trees in 
the maritime live oak forest to investigate the presence of flying squirrels, 
Glaucomys volans, but none was captured during the study. 
All traps were Victor brand, baited with a paste of rolled oats and 
peanut butter that was replenished as needed. Specimens obtained in this 
study were donated to the Charleston Museum. 
