68 
Joshua Laerm, et al. 
during the first two decades of this century. Harper (1927) reported see- 
ing only a single live individual during his extensive field work from 1912 
and 1922. Since that time populations have recovered dramatically due in 
large part to introductions and the establishment of the ONWR. Today 
deer are the most common large mammals on the refuge. 
Dasypus novemcinctus, introduced into Florida after Harper’s sur- 
veys (Humphrey 1974) has extended its range significantly in recent 
years. Although it moved into Georgia in the 1950s (Fitch et al. 1952) it 
was not known from the swamp until 1968. Today it extends well up the 
Coastal Plain. 
Habitat Distribution of the Mammals 
The habitat distribution of mammals occurring in the swamp and 
surrounding uplands, insofar as it is presently known, is shown in Table 
5. With few exceptions it is difficult to define a single habitat or assem- 
blage of habitats to which a particular mammal is restricted; the majority 
may be found in most of them. Nine of the mammals occurring within 
the swamp and surrounding uplands have been reported from every 
habitat defined within the swamp. These include Pipistrellus subflavus, 
Lasiurus seminolus, Sylvilagus palustris, Sciurus carolinensis, Peromyscus 
gossypinus, Ursus americanus, Procyon lotor, Lynx rufus, and Odocoileus 
virginianus. Only two species, Geomys pinetis and Neofiber alleni, are 
restricted to a single habitat. The former occurs only in well-drained 
sandy uplands, while the latter is restricted to boggy prairies (Harper 
1927; Birkenholz 1972). 
Table 5. List of mammals of the Okefenokee Swamp. Based on museum records. 
Harper (1927), and personal observations (L. Logan, J. Laerm). Scien- 
tific and common names based on Jones et al. (1973). U = uplands, 
I = islands, P = prairies, SS = shrub swamp, BG = blackgum forest, 
PB = pure bay forest, PC = pure cypress, MC = mixed cypress. 
SPECIES 
ORDER MARSUPIALIA 
Family Didelphidae 
Didelphis virginiana pigra, Virginia Opossum 
ORDER INSECTIVORA 
Family Soricidae 
Blarina carolinensis. Southern Short-tailed 
Shrew 
Cryptotis parva parva, Least Shrew 
Family Talpidae 
Scalopus aquaticus australis, Eastern Mole 
Condylura cristata cristata. Star-nosed Mole 
ORDER CHIROPTERA 
Family Vespertilionidae 
HABITAT 
U,I,BG,PC 
U,I 
U,I 
U,I 
PC,MC 
