iallery.] natural history. (Minerals.) 63 
nost of the oxides of iron magnetic iron-ore , (magneteisenstein of 
Werner, ) a compound of protoxide and peroxide of iron, most of the 
arieties of which are strongly attracted by the magnet, while some of 
hem possess polarity, of which several specimens are placed in this 
Table Case: crystallized, compact and granular varieties, in ser- 
pentine, chlorite-slate, &c. ; variety with granular quartz, from the East 
Indies, which yields the wootz, or salam- steel, remarkable for its hard- 
less ; magnetic iron-sand . 
Case 15. Specular oxide or iron-glance , among the specimens of 
which may be specified those from Elba, remarkable on account of 
their beautiful iridescence and play of colours ; the variety in large 
laminar crystals appearing like polished steel, from Strcmboli and 
Vesuvius; — the micaceous iron-ore of Werner, belonging partly to 
this species, partly to hydrous oxide of iron also the red iron-ore, 
generally divided into compact red iron-stone and red hematite, are 
varieties only of this species of argillaceous iron ores. 
Case 16. Hydrous oxide of iron or brown iron-stone , among the 
most remarkable varieties of which species are, the micaceous,, called 
gothite , in delicate transparent tables of a blood-red colour ; that in fine 
scales coating the cells of lava ; a shining brownish-black variety used 
as hair powder by the Bootchuana natives beyond the Great River in 
South Africa ; the fibrous brown iron-stone or brown hematite ; the 
compact and the ochrey brown iron-stone. With these are placed speci- 
mens of several sub-species of argillaceous or clay iron-stone , such as the 
columnar, the reniform, the pisiform (pea-ore) ; among the varieties here 
deposited of this latter, is a sample of the rounded and angular grains 
from the size of a millet-seed to that of a small hazel nut, which, on the 
10th of August, 1841, descended as a shower at Iwan, in the Comitate 
of Oedenburg in Hungary, and were considered as a new species of real 
meteorites, until their terrestrial origin was fully ascertained by micro- 
scopic observation and analysis. 
Case 17. Oxide of copper :■ — red or ruby -copper compact, foliated, 
and fibrous : one of the more remarkable is the bright-red capillary 
variety from Rheinbreitenbach, called chalcotrichite , (in which selenium 
has been discovered by Kersten,)and from the Bank mines in Siberia; 
— the ferruginous red oxide of copper or tile-ore, an intimate mixture 
of red copper and brown iron-ochre from Hungary, Siberia, &c. the 
black oxide or copper-black , generally mixed with the oxides of iron 
and manganese. — Oxide of bismuth or bismuth-ochre , from Saxony and 
Bohemia . — Red oxide of zinc from New Jersey, also called spartalite 
and sterlingite ; to which is added the franklinite , a mineral composed 
of the oxides of zinc and manganese — Black and yellow earthy cobalt, 
both called cobalt-ochre , which seem to be hydrates of the oxides 
of cobalt and manganese, frequently mixed with oxide of iron. — 
Oxide of uranium , or uran-ochre, occurring at Johanngeorgenstadt 
and Joachimsthal, together with what is called pilch-ore , considered 
by some as a hydrous protoxide of the same metal ; which, however, 
requires further confirmation. 
Case 18. Oxide of lead : — the native minium from Hessia (first 
described by Mr. Smithson), from Siberia, &c., probably produced 
by the decomposition of galena ; — with this is placed the beudantitc, 
a mineral from Horhausen on the Rhine, which, according to Wol- 
