gallery.] 
79 
NATURAL history. (Minerals.) 
phatesof iron. — Phosphate of manganese or triplite, from Chanteloube, 
near Limoges, in the department of Haute Vienne in France, where 
several other mineral substances have lately been found, the essential 
component parts of which are iron, manganese, and phosphoric acid. 
Triphyline , a phosphate of iron, manganese and lithia ; del- 
vauxite, &c. — Phosphate of copper, of which the best characterized 
species are— the octahedral, or lihethenite , from Libethen in Hungary ; 
and the prismatic, or rhenite, from Rheinbreitenbach, where it occurs 
with quartz which sometimes passes into calcedony.— Phosphate of 
oxide of uranium : — the yellow uranite or uran-mica from Autin, 
Limoges, Bodenmais ; and the green uranite, or chalcolite, chiefly 
from Cornwall and Saxony : both of them phosphates of oxide ot 
uranium, but distinct by containing, the former a small portion ot 
phosphate of lime, and the latter an equivalent portion of phosphate ot 
copper .—Phosphate of yttria, or phosphyttrite, a very scarce mineral 
substance, first found in the granite of Lindenas in Norway, and subse- 
quently, in equally small quantities, at Ytterby in Sweden.— Phosphates 
of alumina, to which belong— the wavellite, a substance which was ori- 
ginally mistaken for a hydrate of pure alumina, and therefore caded 
hy dr argillite, from Devonshire, Ireland, Brazil, Greenland, from Am- 
bers in Bavaria (called lasioniie), from Aussig in Bohemia, on sand- 
stone, &c.— the klaprothite, called also blue spar , and azunte, and 
is therefore sometimes confounded with the lapis lazuli; together 
with some other substances of which no exact analyses have as yet 
been published, though they are known to be chiefly composed of alu- 
mina in combination* with phosphoric acid, such as the calaite , or real 
turquois ( firuzah in Persian), an opaque gem found chiefly at Nisha- 
pur, in the province of Khorasan, Persia, in nodules or as small veins 
traversing a ferrugino-argillaceous rock, and greatly esteemed on ac- 
count of its beautiful blue colour, which will in most cases be sufficient to 
distinguish it both from the blue silicate of copper and from fossil bones 
(particularly teeth) Impregnated with blue phosphate of iron or carbonate 
of copper, some of which substances are vulgarly called occidental tur- 
quoises.- — The hakoxene, a rare substance of a crystalline diveiging- 
fibrous structure and yellow colour, found in the fissures of argillaceous 
iron-stone, near Zbirow in Bohemia ; — and the childrenite from Tavi- 
stock, in Devonshire : both which mineral substances contain alumina 
and oxide of iron combined with phosphoric acid, but require to be sub- 
jected to closer chemical examination. — Phosphate of magnesia: the 
very scarce wagnerite , from the valley of Holgraben, near Werfen, in 
Salzburg.— The mengite and edwardite are placed in the Table Case, they 
beino' by some considered as phosphates of lanthan and cerium oxides* 
In two of the supplemental Table Cases (57 A and B) in this room 
are deposited such phosphates as are combined with chlorides p as like- 
wise the rare combinations of the latter with carbonates and silicates. 
Case 57 A. Pyromorphite , a combination of phosphate of lead and 
chloride of lead, generally divided into brown lead ore and green lead 
ore : among the varieties of the former, the more remarkable are the 
large six-sided prisms from Pluelgoet in Brittany; of the latter we 
have the massive botryoidal (traubenertz), the spicular, and crystallized 
varieties, of various shades of green passing into greenish-white, into 
yellow and orange. To these are added phosph-arseniates and also some 
