126 GALLERY OF ANTIQUITIES. [PHIGALIAN 
tomb near the road leading from Tuscania to Tarquinia ; the fronts are 
decorated with sculpture and inscriptions, and on the cover of each is a 
recumbent statue of the person whose remains were deposited within. 
Near them lies, for the present, a terracotta sarcophagus ; the front is 
marked with two branches, probably of palm ; and on the cover is the 
recumbent figure of a female with one leg bent under the other, as in 
that already described of the same material, and found near the same 
place. 
In this room are two sarcophagi ; one, found at Tarquinia, is deco- 
rated on all sides with sculptures, representing, on three sides, the sacri- 
fice of human victims ; on one end, a gladiatorial exhibition. Within 
this sarcophagus were found the bones of the deceased, with his shield, 
and other armour. The other sarcophagus was found at Polomarzo. 
The cover is in form of a roof, terminating at the cornice with tiles, 
masks, &c. Upon the ridge of the roof are, at each end, a sphinx, and 
in the middle two serpents. All the sides are decorated with sculp- 
tures, amongst which, on the front are two genii, on the back a genius 
and an armed warrior. 
In the centre of the Room stands a magnificent marble Tazza or 
vase of very large dimensions, the height being 4 feet inches, and 
the diameter of the cup 3 feet 7 inches. It stands upon a single stem, 
and has handles very curiously formed of swans’ necks and heads grace- 
fully intertwined. It was brought to England in 1825. Presented by 
Lord Western , 1839. 
A pedestal on which, as appears from the inscription, was a statue of 
Peraia, daughter of Apollonius, son of Hermogenes, erected by her 
son Socrates. 
On this pedestal is a statue in white marble representing the youth- 
ful Bacchus or a Satyr, found at Antium. 
Pedestal of calcareous stone, on which has apparently been placed 
the statue of Apollonius, son of Hermogenes, and father of Peraia, the 
mother of Socrates ; erected to him by the same Socrates. 
On this pedestal is a bronze statue, supposed to represent an Eros, 
or Cupid. Found at Zifteh, Lower Egypt. 
PHIGALIAN SALOON. 
Nos. 1 — 23. Bas-reliefs, representing the battle of the Centaurs and 
Lapithse, and the combat between the Greeks and Amazons ; they were 
found in the ruins of the temple of Apollo Epicurius (or the deliverer) 
built on Mount Cotylion, at a little distance from the ancient city of 
Phigalia in Arcadia. These bas-reliefs composed the frieze in the 
interior of the Celia. The battle of the Centaurs and Lapithse is sculp- 
tured on eleven slabs of marble (1 — 11). That of the Greeks and 
Amazons occupies twelve (12— 23). The direction of the slabs be- 
longing to the former subject was from right to left ; that of the latter 
from left to right. 
A circumstance which adds very much to the interest of these mar- 
bles is our knowledge of the precise time when they were executed ; 
for Pausanias, in his description of this temple, informs us that it was 
built by Ictinus, an architect contemporary with Pericles, and who 
built the Parthenon at Athens. These marbles are all engraved and 
