INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY YERTEBRATA. 
SIWALIK AND NARBADA EQUIDAL 
By R. LYDEKKER, B.A., F.Z.S., 
GEOLOGICAL S0RYEY OF INDIA. 
(WITH PLATES XI TO XV.) 
Order: UNGULATA. Division: PERISSODACTYLA. 
Family : EQ TJID2E. 
History of fossil Indian Equidce. — To quote the words of the editor of Falconer’s 
“ Palaeontological Memoirs,” “ no memoir of the fossil Equkke of India was ever 
published by Dr. Falconer,” and we are, therefore, unacquainted with the particular 
distinctive characters on which that eminent paleontologist founded the new Indian 
fossil species named by himself and Sir Proby Cautley. The only means of identifying 
these species are from the named specimens in the British Museum, and from 
the (unfortunately small scale) figures in the “ Eauna Antiqua Sivalensis.” 1 
In that great work four species of Indian fossil horses were specifically named ; 
viz ., Equus namadicus and Equus palceonus from the pleistocene of the Narbada 
valley, and from the sub-Himalayan Siwaliks Equus sivalensis and Hippotlierium 
antilopinum. 
Subsequently to the publication of that work, as we learn from the “ Palaeon- 
tological Memoirs,” 2 the late M. Ed. Lartet wrote to Dr. Falconer in 1855 to the 
effect that the so-called E. palceonus was the young of either E. namadicus or 
E. sivalensis. As the latter species is not yet known from the Narbada rocks, the 
remark will probably apply to the former. The only specimen of the molar dentition 
of the so-called E. palceonus figured in the “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis” (pi. LXXXII, 
fig. 11), shows the lower milk-molars, and there seems no reason for separating 
this specimen from E. namadicus. This accordingly reduces the number of the 
four species named in the “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis” to three. 
In figure 12 of plate LXXXII of the same work a portion of the mandible of 
1 Pis. LXXXl to LXXXV. 
2 Vol. I, p. 22, note. 
