102—4 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
merely that their relationship is so close as to indicate blood affinity. As the long- 
limbed Siwalik giraffe liyed contemporaneously with the short-limbed sivathere, it is 
evident that the evolution of the long-limbed member had taken place long previ- 
ously to pliocene times ; and the genera with limbs of intermediate length merely 
indicate that they are survivors from those animals which formed the chain connect- 
ing iu a direct line the giraffe with its unknown short-limbed ancestor. 
Object of memoir. — In the following pages a considerable series of hitherto 
undescribed remains belonging to several of the above-mentioned genera will be 
noticed more or less fully, and the leading characters, as far as they are known, 
of the Indian genera will be touched upon. In treating of each genus, the bones of 
the lower part of the limbs and more especially the ‘canon-bones’ will be taken as a 
guide in the estimation of the proportions of the limbs of their owners The 
genera will be discussed in the order in which they are arranged above. The present 
memoir is not intended as a description of all that is known regarding the osteology 
of the fossil members of this family, on which subject numerous memoirs have 
already appeared. It is rather intended to illustrate the relationship of the different 
members to one another, and the position of the family in the mammalian class. Eor 
details the reader is referred to the memoirs previously published to which refer- 
ences are abundantly given. 
Genus I : CAMELOPARDALIS, Linne. 
Number of species. — The following list gives the number of named species 
belonging to this genus, and their distribution: — 
1. Camelopardalis attica, Gaudry and Lartet, Europe ; (?) miocene. 
2. Camelopardalis biturigum 1 , Duvernoy, Europe ; miocene. 
3. Camelopardalis girappa, Linne, South Africa ; recent. 
4. Cameloparadlis sivalensis, Ealc. and Caut., India ; pliocene. 
( C . affinis , Ealc. and Caut.) 
5. Camelopardalis vetusta, Wagner, Europe; (?) miocene. 
The so-called Camelopardalis duvernoyi (Gaudry and Lartet) belongs to Hellado- 
therium ; and Camelopardalis eximia of Wagner is the same as Orasius eximius z . 
Characters of molars. — According to Professor Owen 3 , the characteristic points 
of the upper molars of the genus Camelopardalis are as follows : the median ‘ costa ’ of 
the ‘ dorsum ’ of the anterior ‘ lobe ’ is more prominent than any other part of that 
surface, while in the posterior * lobe ’ the anterior * costa ’ is more prominent than the 
median. The enamel pits penetrate deeply into the crown, and are not completely 
separated from one another until a late period of detrition. The ‘ accessory tubercle ’ 
is reduced to a very small basal rudiment, and the enamel is unusually rugose. No 
1 ? = Kelladotherium (Owen, “ Palaeontology,” 2nd Ed., p. 409). 
8 Apparently by an error, M. Gaudry (“ Animaux Fossiles et Geologie de 1’ Attique,” page 250) quotes this 
species as Camelopardalis ( Orasius) speciosa. 
3 “ Odontography,” p. 534. 
