110—12 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY YERTEBRATA. 
male. The third specimen has never been described. In the descriptions of the 
plates of the “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis ” the dimensions of this bone are given as 
smaller than those of the other specimens, or the same as those of the figure ; the 
figure is, however, said to be of half the natural size, and, therefore, these dimen- 
sions must be erroneous. The bone appears to indicate an animal at least as large 
as the existing species. The dorsal vertebra from Perim Island described by 
Dr. Falconer on page 207 of the “ Palaeontological Memoirs,” together with another 
specimen similarly named in the Indian Museum, probably belongs to Bramatherium. 
Limb-bones. — The specimens of limb-bones of giraffe, figured in the plate last 
quoted, comprehend the greater part of the right humerus (fig. 3), a fragment of 
the left radius and ulna (fig. 4), and four fragments of the metacarpus (figs. 6-9). 
I have been unable to compare these bones with the skeleton of the existing species, 
except in the case of the humerus, of which there is a cast in the Indian Museum. 
This bone is considerably larger than the humerus of a medium-sized African 
giraffe in the same institution, being nearly one inch wider across the condyles. 
The humerus No. 43, from Perim Island, described by Dr. Falconer on page 207 
of the first volume of the “ Palaeontological Memoirs,” and doubtfully referred to 
Camelopardalis, probably belongs to Bramatherium. 
The only other bones in the collection of the Indian Museum that can be 
referred with any certainty to the present genus, are a broken radius, the associated 
right tarsus and part of the metatarsus, and several proximal phalangeals. The 
radius is referred by Dr. Falconer 1 to his C. sivalensis, and is described as being 
nearly equal in size to the corresponding bone of the existing species. The tarsus 
and metatarsus (No. B. 186, Ind. Mus.) were collected by Mr. Theobald in the 
Siwaliks of Niki ; the portion of these elements now remaining comprehends all 
the bones of the tarsus, except the calcaneum, and rather more than half of the 
metatarsus. The latter bone has almost exactly the same proportions as the hind 
“ cannon-bone ” of the existing species, and when complete must have been of very 
nearly the same length. The fossil bone is distinguished by the vertical grooves 
on both its anterior and posterior surfaces being considerably deeper than in 
the recent homologue, indicating an affinity to an animal in which the ec cannon-bone” 
consisted of its original elements : the medullary cavity of the shaft at the point 
of fracture is undivided. In the recent bone the nutrient foramen at the proximal 
extremity pierces directly through the sha f t, while in the fossil it perforates the hinder 
surface obliquely so as to reappear on the superior surface. The close resemblance 
of the two bones renders it unnecessary to give a figure of the fossil. The proximal 
phalangeals closely resemble the corresponding bones of the existing species, but 
are somewhat less flattened on their anterior faces. 
Summary . — The conclusions to be gathered from a study of the above-men- 
tioned specimens are that the remains of the Siwalik giraffe indicates an animal 
showing some considerable variations in size, but whose mean dimensions were not 
1 “ Pal. Mem.,” Vol. I, p. 206, No. 690. 
