SIWALIK CAMELOPAKDALIDiE. 
17—115 
is provisionally referred to it. It is, however, quite possible that this reference may 
be eventually proved incorrect ; but this will not interfere with the value of the speci- 
men as proving the former existence of a large ruminant forming a connecting link 
between the giraffe and the sivathere, but nearer the former than the latter. I have 
preferred to risk a false reference rather than to form a new genus for the reception 
of this one bone, which will have to be done if it do not belong to Vishnutherium. 
Sixth cervical vertebra. — The ‘ centrum ’ of a sixth cervical vertebra of a large 
species of ruminant, represented in figure 2 of plate xviii of this memoir, was obtain- 
ed from the Siwaliks of Asnot, in the Punjab, by Mr. Theobald 1 . The specimen, 
which is represented of the natural size, is viewed from the left lateral aspect. 
It exhibits the whole of the e centrum,’ and on the left side the vertebrarterial canal 
and the greater part of the transverse process. The descending lamina of the latter 
process is broken away on the left side, but on the right is nearly complete, wanting 
only its preaxial angle. The portaxial cup is of great size and depth. Prom the 
large size of this bone it is quite evident that it belonged to some member of the 
present family : it is shorter than the sixth cervical of the giraffe, and longer than 
that of Sivatherium. It is of smaller size, and of more slender proportions than the 
cervical vertebra referred in the sequel to Hydaspitherium ; and since the teeth of 
Vishnutherium indicate a slighter animal than Hydaspitlierium. , the present bone is 
provisionally referred to the former genus. In respect of its slender form it agrees 
well with the “ cannon-bone ” which we have already referred to the same genus. The 
e centrum ’ has no trace of a keel on its haemal aspect. In the following table the 
dimensions of this Vertebra are compared with the dimensions of a homologous 
vertebra of Sivatherium, in the collection of the Indian Museum, and figured in plate 
xxii of this volume ; and also with those of a sixth cervical vertebra of the pleistocene 
ox of the Narbada ( Bos namadicus ). 
Bos. 
Vishnutherium. 
Sivatherium. 
Length of centrum superiorly 
2-6 
47 
4-3 
Vertical diameter of condyle 
2-0 
2-6 
3-3 
Transverse „ „ 
1-45 
1-75 
2-6 
Projection of descending lamina below centrum 
1-8 
1-7 
3‘0(?) 
Length of lamina 
2-1 ‘ 
36 
3-0 
Length of base of transverse process 
0-6 
2-9 
2-1 
These dimensions show that the vertebrae of Sivatherium and JBos have much 
the same proportions, and are constructed • on the same general plan. The characteris- 
tic points in these genera are the relative shortness of the centrum and the great 
vertical depth of the descending lamina of the transverse process. In the vertebra of 
1 It is not improbable that a vertebra in the collection of the Geological Society, from Baluchistan, may belong 
to this species. 
C 
