118—20 INDIAN TEETIAEY AND PO ST-TEETIAEY YEETEBEATA. 
they are only some scattered members of the common stock whence the giraffe and 
sivatliere took their origin. 
Distribution . — Eemains of Helladotherium have been obtained in Europe, and 
from the Siwaliks in the neighbourhood of the Markanda river. 
Genus IV : HYDASPITHEEITJM \ Nobis. 
Synonym, Hydaspidotherium, Nobis. 
This genus was established by myself in 1876 1 2 3 under the name of Hydaspido- 
therium ; it is characterised by possessing one common horn-base placed on the 
upper part of the frontals, and which may have carried either one or two pairs of 
horns. It contains two species, both from India, hut there is some uncertainty as 
to the generic reference of the second. 
Species : 1. Hydaspitheuium megacephalum, Nobis. 
Synonym : H. leptognathcs, Nobis. 
History . — This species is the one on which the genus is founded, and its history 
is, therefore, the same as that of the genus. The specimen on which the species 
and genus was founded is a nearly complete cranium, wanting the horn-cores, dis- 
covered by Mr. Theobald in the Siwaliks of Asnot, in the western Punjab. This 
fine specimen is figured and fully described in the first volume of this work. 
At a subsequent period certain upper molar teeth were described by myself and 
referred to the present species 4 , while in the same notice a mandible was described 
under the new name of E. leptognatlius, which will he shown to belong, not 
improbably, to the present species. No other remains belonging to this species have 
been hitherto described. 
Cranium . — The cranium is at once distinguished from those of all its allies by 
carrying a large and subquadrate compound horn-base immediately in front of the 
occipital crest, from which the probably branched horns must have taken their 
origin. It has been suggested that this common horn-base corresponds to the 
posterior horns of Sivatherium ; but a later examination of the cast of the skull 
of Bramatherium has thrown doubt on this view, as will be subsequently shown. 
Eor the details of the cranium the reader is referred to the description already 
quoted. A noteworthy point is the presence of a large lachrymal vacuity, which is 
wanting in Sivatherium , and indicates strong affinity with the giraffe. 
Upper molars . — In describing the skull of the present species a description 
of the upper molar teeth was given, while other detached upper teeth are described 
1 Eydaspes , the Jhelam, and Therion ; from the locality whence the specimen was obtained, 
2 “Kec., Geol. Sur. of India,” Vol. IX, p. 154. 
3 P. 159, pis. XXVI, XXVII. 
4 “ Eec. Geol. Sur. of' India,” Vol. XI, p. .90. 
