134—36 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY YERTEBRATA. 
Milk- molars.— There is a specimen of a maxilla with the upper milk-molars of 
Sivatherium in the British Museum, of which the Indian Museum has a cast ; these 
teeth are so like the upper molars in structure that they have not been figured. 
A specimen of the left lower milk-molar dentition is represented in figure 
3 of plate XXI of this memoir. These teeth are implanted in a portion of the 
mandible, which also shows the anterior half of the first true molar. The milk- 
1 eeth exhibited are the third and fourth molars. The specimen was obtained 
by the Indian Museum through an exchange with the Rurki Museum, and was 
obtained from the Siwaliks in the neighbourhood of the Ganges Valley. The 
penultimate milk-molar is remarkable for its exceptionally complete development, 
its hinder half consisting of a distinct ‘ crescent ’ and ‘ lobe,’ and the fore half of a 
4 crescent ’ with highly developed angles. The third milk-molar is divided into three 
complete sections, each containing a ‘ crescent ’ and a * lobe/ and with a well-marked 
tubercle in each of the c valleys ’ on the outer side. It closely resembles, on a larger 
scale, the corresponding milk-molars of the Siwalik giraffe (pi. XYI, fig. 8) and of 
the hydaspithere (pi. xxi, fig. 4). It is indeed probable, if not certain, that if 
these three teeth had been found apart from any other remains, they would be 
referred to three species of the same genus. The dimensions of the young jaw and 
milk-teeth of Sivatherium are as follows : — 
Depth of jaw at last milk-molar 27 
Length of penultimate milk-molar 17 
„ last milk- molar 272 
Cervical vertebra.' — The specimen of the sixth cervical vertebra represented in 
plate XXII, was obtained by the Indian Museum through an exchange with the 
Museum at Rurki, near which place it was obtained. It is figured as being the 
most perfect specimen that I have seen ; it is of enormous size, and exhibits the 
characteristic shortness of the ‘centrum/ and of the vertebrarterial canal. Its 
dimensions are as follows : — 
Length of centrum superiorly ......... 4'3 
Vertical diameter of condyle 3-3 
Length of bar of transverse process , ... 27 
This vertebra indicates an animal with a length of neck about proportional to 
that of the oxen. 
Metacarpus. — In figure 1 of plate XVII of this memoir is figured a complete 
metacarpal of Sivatherium giganteum, from a specimen in the British Museum 
from the Siwaliks, the dimensions of which are as follows : — 
Extreme length 137 
Breadth of proximal extremity 47 
„ distal „ 47 
„ a single condyle 2‘2 
The bone is of great stoutness, and much expanded laterally, in which respects 
it differs from the ‘ cannon-bones ’ of the other sivatheroids figured in the same plate. 
Its proportions are much the same as the metacarpals of the larger kinds of cattle. 
