SIWALIK AND NARBADA CARNIVORA. 
21—198 
Fig. 3. Lutra ( Enhydriodon ) 
sivalensis : left upper car- 
nassial, broken on the outer 
broken on the outer side, of one of the above-mentioned skulls in the 
British Museum (“ Pal. Mem.,” loc. cit ., fig. 5) has been figured 
in the accompanying woodcut (fig. 3). 1 A comparison of this 
woodcut and of the figure of pm. 4 in plate XXVII., figure 5, 
with the corresponding tooth of the otters given in figure 1 of the 
same plate,, and in the woodcut on page 1 87, will show that the inner 
or tubercular part of this tooth, in place of consisting of a single 
side, from a skull m the mi k ro keii semicircular trenchant ridge, consists of three distinct 
British Museum (No. 37,155) # . 
from the siwaiiks : nat. size, cusps, or mammillae, placed on the line of a semicircle, and of which 
the median cusp is much smaller than either of the other two. The blade, or outer 
part, of the carnassial is constructed on the same general plan in the recent and 
fossil forms ; but in the latter the anterior cusp, which is very minute in the former, 
becomes much more developed, and thereby gives to this part of the crown a 
distinctly tricuspid form. In the form of the outline of its base the crown of this 
tooth differs but little from the carnassial of Lutra leg tony x (p. 187), which was 
shown to differ from the corresponding tooth of the long-clawed otters by the larger 
size of the tubercular portion: the carnassial of the fossil Siwalik form is in 
this respect only one more step in the relative degree of development of the 
tubercular portion. 
The differences indicated above between the form of the carnassial in the fossil 
and the living otters, if no intermediate form existed, might be 
sufficient to indicate generic distinction between the two. It 
happens, however, that such an intermediate form exists in Lutra 
camjoani of the miocene of Monte-Bamboli in Tuscany. This 
species was described in 1862 by Professor Gf. Meneghini 2 on the 
evidence of two specimens of the palate. Of one of these 
specimens 3 there is a plaster cast in the British Museum, from 
which the right carnassial tooth has been figured in the accom- 
panying woodcut (fig. 4). This tooth belongs to the opposite 
side of the skull, to the tooth of Lutra sivalensis figured in the previous woodcut 
(fig. 3), but corresponds to the carnassial (pm. 4) on the right side of the figure of 
the palate in plate XXVII., figure 5. Owing to the distorted condition of the 
palate to which it belongs, it has been figured with its outer ridge ( right side of figure) 
running nearly parallel to the long diameter of this page, in place of inclining from 
the north-east to the south-west angle. It will be seen that the blade of this tooth 
resembles that of the carnassial of the living otters, in having only a very minute 
anterior cusp. The inner, or tubercular portion, of the crown, in place of bearing a 
completely semicircular ridge joining the blade at both extremities, merely carries a 
curved ridge, with a distinct cusp, or tubercle, at its anterior extremity (left lower 
1 At the time this woodcut was drawn the author was not aware that the College of Surgeons specimen showed the 
unbroken carnassials. 
2 ‘ Atti. del. Soc. Ital. di. Sci. Nat.,’ vol. IV., pi. Ia. , p. 18. 3 Figure 1 of Professor Meneghini’s plate. 
Fig. 4. Lutra campani. 
Mgh. Eight upper car- 
nassial, from the cast of a 
palate in the British Museum 
(No.37,347)fromthemiocene 
of Monte-Bamboli, in Tus- 
cany : nat. size. 
