SIWALIK AND NARBADA CARNIVORA. 
45—222 
forms a bulge on tlie inner side of tlie blade, extending from a little in advance of 
tlie first lobe of the latter nearly to the hinder end of the tooth. On the outer 
surface of the blade there is a distinctly marked cingulum. It is from the somewhat 
distant resemblance of this tooth to the upper carnassial of the hyaena that the 
generic name Iljcenmctos is derived.: the absence of the least trace of hyaenine 
affinities . in the form of the tubercle of the carnassial, and in the rest of the dentition 
of the latter, renders the name a somewhat unfortunate and misleading one, although 
a change would probably only lead to further confusion. 
The two true molars, in place of being oblong, as in the true bears, with their 
length greater by a third than their breadth, are very nearly square. The pen- 
ultimate (mA), if anything, is longer than the last ; the reverse of this arrangement 
prevailing in Ursus. This tooth carries two distinct cusps on the outer side, and 
internally a ridge indistinctly divided into two or three minor cusps : it is somewhat 
narrower internally than externally, and has a distinct cingulum on the outer side. 
It is correctly remarked by Dr. Falconer that the large size of the outer cusps, or 
lobes, of this tooth, and the presence of a ridge on the inner side, indicates the 
commencement of a transition from the corresponding tooth of the true bears to that 
of the dogs ; — a transition which will be noticed in the other teeth of the succeeding 
species. The last true molar f tn. 2 ) is also approximately square, and has the same 
general disposition of its cusps as in the preceding tooth : at its postero-internal 
angle it has a slight backward prolongation, homologous with the produced talon of 
the corresponding tooth of Ursus. 
Regarding the cranium itself, this is larger than that of all species of Ursus, 
excepting perhaps some specimens of. U. spdceus : its total length when complete is 
estimated at least at 19 inches. In the profile of the cranium “ the most striking 
feature is the almost rectilinear outline, and absence of any noticeable curvature. 
From along the nasals to between the infra-orbital processes is almost a straight line. 
There is but a trifling degree of convexity from that backwards ; and the sagittal 
crest rises in a very prominent ridge above the parietals. No species of bear has so 
straight a cranium.” Tlie polar bear makes, however, the nearest approach in this 
respect. The frontals are extremely broad; and the orbits are also large and placed 
obliquely: their longest diameter is 3T inches. The anterior border of the orbit 
extends only a slight distance in advance of the hinder border of m. 2 ; in which 
respect the fossil approaches nearest to Ursus labiatus. The palate is vaulted both 
transversely and antero-posteriorly ; in the former character approaching nearest to 
Ursus theobalcli. The line of the molar alveoli is markedly convex, whereas in all 
true bears it is straight. The posterior free border of the palatines is placed nearer 
to the anterior zygomatic root than in Ursus. There are three infra-orbital foramina 
for the facial branch of the fifth nerve. The condition of the base of the skull does 
not admit of comparison with the skulls of Ursus. The dimensions of the specimen 
are as follows, viz . : — 
L 
