SIWALIK AND NARBADA CARNIVORA. 
47—224 
the series ill the root of the ascending portion of the ramus. The alveolus is 
inconsiderable, and the tooth appears to have been comparatively small. The 
inferior border of the jaw is markedly convex antero-posteriorly ; and the line of 
the molar alveoli is somewhat concave in the same direction. The dimensions of 
the specimen are as follows, viz. : — 
Extreme length of the fragment 
Depth at pm. 2 
„ ,, m. 1 . 
Thickness at m. 2 
Interval between canine and pm. 4 
Length of three true molars . 
Interval between canine and hinder end of m. 3 
Length of pm. 4 . . . . . 
Width „ „ „ ..... 
io-3 
2.5 
3-0 
0- 9 
1- 3 
3-25 
5-35 
0-9 
0-5 
Length ,, m. 1 1*35 
,,,,,, 2 1-15 
Width „ „ „ . 0-75 
The most characteristic point in the molar dentition of this specimen, after the 
large size of pm. 4, is the relatively large size of m. 1, which much exceeds the length 
and width of m. 2, whereas in the true bears the former tooth is always much wider 
than the latter, and is either shorter ( U. arctos ), or very slightly longer ( U. torquatus). 
In the description of the next species it will also be shown that the carnassial is of a 
very distinct type from the corresponding tooth of the true bears, being, as in the 
upper jaw, of a much more carnivorous type of structure. 
It should be remarked that in describing this specimen Prof. Owen came to the con- 
clusion that the teeth here respectively regarded as pui.4, mil, and m.2, should be classed 
as m. 1, m. 2, and m. ;j. The incorrectness of this view is proved by the presence of the 
empty alveolus behind m72 (in. 3 of Prof. Owen), and by the fact that the first of the 
three remaining teeth is far less worn than the second, indicating that the one is a 
premolar, and the other a true molar. Should further proof be required, it will be 
found in the teeth of the perfect mandible of the next species (pi. XXXI.). 
Femur . — In plate XXIX., figures 1, la, lb, there are given three views of the 
right femur 1 of a large ursoid animal obtained from the Siwaliks of the neighbour- 
hood vof the Ganges valley, and referred by Dr. Falconer to the present species. 2 
The specimen is now in the British Museum (No. 39,723), and is almost perfect, 
although it has been fractured in the lower third of the shaft. In figure 2 of the 
same plate there has been figured, on the same scale, a right femur of Ursus spelceus , 
for the convenience of comparison. The Siwalik specimen certainly belongs to a 
Carnivore, and conies nearest to the femur of the bears : as there is no other known 
Siwalik carnivore but Eycenarctos of sufficient size to have possessed such a femur, it 
may be pretty safely referred to that genus ; and as it was obtained from the same 
region as the skull and mandible of H. sivalensis , it may probably be referred to that 
species. 
1 All the figures on this plate are copied from plate O of the “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis.” 
2 “ Palaeontological Memoirs,” vol. I., p. 552. 
