227—50 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
Some of these differences are exhibited by the following measurements : — 
Specimen. H. sivalensis. 
Length of pm. 4 1-25 .. 1-3 
Width ,, .,, at middle 0'88 .. 0‘78 
Length ,, tubercle of ditto 0'23 .. 0-33 
Height of first lobe of blade of ditto 0'78 
With regard to m. 1 the writer had at first considerable difficulty in knowing 
which was the anterior side of the teeth : it appeared, however, from another 
specimen with the teeth in position, and also from IT. palceindicus described below, 
that the first external lobe is the tallest and narrowest : accordingly the first true 
molars of the specimen were placed as figured; the outline (m. 1*) showing the 
relative size of the outer lobes of the left tooth. This tooth has a close general 
resemblance to the corresponding molar of H. sivalensis (as far as the worn condition 
of the latter admits of comparison), but is distinguished by the more quadrate form 
of the crown, and by the convexity of the posterior border : it is also distinguished 
by the smaller degree of development of the external cingulum, and the somewhat 
less bold form of the outer lobes : the most marked distinction is, however, the closer 
approximation in the Punjab specimen of the central line of the outer lobes and the 
internal ridge, this interval being respectively 0-41 and 0*48 inch : this causes the 
internal ridge to be placed further away from the inner margin of the tooth in the 
Punjab specimen. 
Hycenarctos from the Red-Crag. — It will be most convenient to consider here the 
molar of Hycenarctos from the Red-Crag described 
by Prof. Flower in the notice already quoted, and 
A provisionally referred to H. sivalensis. By the 
k courtesy of the Council of the Geological Society, 
I the writer has been permitted to reproduce the 
■ woodcut of this tooth (fig. 5), which is described as 
a first upper true molar of the right side. 1 It 
S; H 1 be seen from the figures that this tooth agrees 
masticating surface, b from the outer side : with II. sivalensis in the well-marked external 
the dotted line in a represents the outline of. i n jii 1 ,1 • ^ • , l 
a complete tooth from the same formation, cingulum, the bold outer lobes, and the wide interval 
Ipswich Museum. separating the median line of the latter, and the 
internal ridge. It resembles the Punjab tooth in the outline of the crown, although 
the concavity of the anterior border is not observed in the latter : the internal ridge 
is placed farther away from the inner border of the crown than in the Punjab tooth, 
and, therefore, in this respect differs very markedly from H. sivalensis. The Crag 
specimen also differs from the Punjab tooth by the internal ridge being markedly 
convex antero-posteriorly, in place of nearly level, with a distinct tubercle posteriorly. 
Since it will be shown below that the first true molar of the Punjab specimen, 
l The position of a in fig. 5 has been reversed from the position it occupied in Prof. Flower’s memoir, in order to 
facilitate comparison with the Punjab tooth : it will be noticed that in the former the hinder external lobe is more worn than 
the anterior one, as is the' case with many of the bears. 
