237—60 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
In the collection of the British Museum there is exhibited the skull and a 
considerable portion of the skeleton of the Arctotherium 1 of Bravard, obtained by 
him from Buenos- Ayres ; and from the comparison of the lower molars of the so- 
called Ursus bonariensis with that specimen, there appears to be no doubt but that, as 
suggested by M. Gervais, the two are specifically identical : the proper name of the 
species will, therefore, be Arctotherium bonarieme (Gferv.). 2 Recently Professor Cope 3 
has given a preliminary description of an ursoid skull from the caves of California, 
which is provisionally referred to the genus Arctotherium^ under the name of A. 
simum : this species is said to be distinguished by the absence of any diastema. 
After this unavoidable digression, which was necessary to show the proper 
name of the extinct bear of Buenos-Ayres, 
the comparison with Hycenarctos may be 
undertaken. In the first volume of the 
“ Palaeontological Memoirs ” 5 there is given 
a note by Dr. Falconer relating to a com- 
parison which he made between the skull 
of Arctotherium bonariense sent to the 
British Museum by M. Bravard, 6 and 
Hycenarctos sivalensis. By the courtesy of 
the Keeper of the Geological Department 
of the British Museum, the writer has been 
enabled to give a woodcut (fig. 7) of the 
palatal aspect of this fine specimen. The 
first part of Dr. Falconer’s note, referring 
to the upper dentition, may be quoted at 
length, and is as follows, viz . 7 : — 
u All the teeth, or their alveoli, present 
on both sides, and the number exactly identical with that of Hycenarctos sivalensis. 
“1. A small premolar [pm. 2], touching the canine is present on the right side. 
“ 2. A two-fanged premolar [pm. 3], the alveoli only remaining on both sides. 
“ 3. A tooth [pm. 4] resembling the third of Hycenarctos, but more worn and 
broader for the length. Instead of possessing three external cusps, the flat summit, 
1 The specimen is labelled Arcloidotherium, Brav., MSS.: the author not having seen M. Bravard’s memoir is unaware 
whether the name was originally given as Arctotherium or Arctoidotherium : it is, however, quoted as Arctotherium by M. 
Gervais. 
2 Unless the name Urtus braziliensis, Lund., which probably belongs to {he same species has the priority, in which case 
the name will be A . braziliense (Lund) . 
3 ‘ American Naturalist,’ Dec., 1879. 
4 Mr. Cope mentions Arctotherium , Gerv., in place of Arctotherium , Brav. 5 pp. 329-30. 
6 In the original note the Buenos- Ayres specimen is simply alluded to as a “ huge ursine head,” without any generic or 
specific name. 
7 In quoting this note an obvious misprint has been corrected : several slipshod sentences have been put into better form, 
and some of the terms employed altered to those employed in this memoir. 
