SIWALIK AND NARBADA CARNIVORA. 
73—250 
tlie small European A. dominans 1 the form of the inner crescent is nearly intermediate 
between the present specimen and A. major. 
Lower carnassial. — In figures 5, 5a, of plate XXXII. there is represented the 
above-mentioned fragment of the mandible, containing the last milk-molar (mm. 4) 
and the permanent carnassial (m. 1), which was obtained by Mr. H. B. Medlicott 
from the Siwaliks of Nurpur. The specimen belongs to the right side, and the 
permanent carnassial is untouched by wear, and could only have been slightly 
protruded above the level of the gum at the death of the animal. The deciduous 
and permanent carnassials are, except in the matter of size, perfect replicas of one 
another, and it will therefore suffice to describe the larger tooth. 
The proper ‘ blade ’ of this tooth consists of the two normal outer lobes ( a , b), 
resembling the corresponding parts of the tooth of Cams and Amphicyon : the inner 
cusp of the blade (x) is relatively small and placed considerably behind the second 
lobe of the blade (&), causing the * cusp-line ’ to be extremely oblique. In these 
respects the tooth agrees with the megalocreodont species of Canis ( fig . 8, A J , p. 241), 
and differs from the typical species of Amphicyon , in which the inner cusp is 
relatively larger, and placed more nearly opposite the centre of the second main 
lobe of the blade. 2 In the hinder, or talon, portion of the tooth the specimen 
differs both from Canis and typical species of Amphicyon. The outer cusp of this 
portion (c) in place of being equal in size to, or rather larger than the inner, and 
with it enclosing a distinct hollow, is very much larger, being rather higher than the 
first lobe of the blade (a). The edge of this cusp is trenchant antero-posteriorly, 
and forms in point of fact a distinct third lobe to the blade, making the cutting 
power of the tooth much greater than in Canis and typical species of Amphicyon. 
The inner cusp of the talon [right side of c, fig. 5) is small but distinct. In the 
following table the dimensions of the specimen are compared with those of the 
large race of A. major , viz.: 
Specimen. A. major. 
Length of mm. 4 0’74 
„ „ m. 1 1-32 .. 1-2 
Width ,, ,, posteriorly . . . . 0 - 6 ». 0'5 
Height of second lobe of blade of ditto . 0-89 . . 0'7 
Depth of jaw at ditto . . , , . . . 1'57 .. 1‘93 
These dimensions show that the tooth is larger than the lower carnassial of 
A. major , and since it has been shown that the upper molar of A. palceindicus is 
smaller than the corresponding tooth of that species, it may be inferred, if the 
present specimen belong to the same species, that the latter had a more megalocreodont 
character than the European species. 
In A. intermedins , according to the specimens figured by the late Prof. Peters, 3 
the characters, of the talon of m-.' 1 are precisely similar to those of the same tooth 
in the Nurpur specimen. In the European species, however, m. 1 is considerably 
1 Compared with specimens in. the Indian Museum from Weissenau, so named by Prof. Klip stein. 
2 See Filhol, “ Notes sur Mam. Foss., etc.,” pi. I., fig - . 2, and “Phosphorites du Quercy,” figs. 22, 25, 41, 43. 
3 Op. cit., pi. III., figs. 1-3. 
