285—108 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
larger. The carnassial (m. l) has a relatively small hind talon, as in H. crocuta, hut 
its inner surface is not exposed. The dimensions of this specimen will he given 
below. 
Indian Museum mandible. — In figures 1, of plates XXXVIII., XXXIX., of this 
volume, there are given two views of the left ramus of the mandible of a large liysena 
collected by Mr. Theobald in the topmost Siwaliks of the J amu district, and now in 
the Indian Museum (No. D, 102). This specimen belonged to an adolescent animal, 
the permanent canine ( c ) not being fully protruded. In respect of form and dentition, 
this specimen agrees with the Dublin mandible, with the exception of being 
somewhat larger ; but this character cannot be regarded as more than an individual 
variation. It has the same general proportions as a fossil jaw of II. crocuta figured 
by Prof. Graudry, 1 but is distinguished by the depth of the horizontal ramus 
being more uniform throughout its length, in place of being considerably greater 
behind the carnassial than below the premolars : m. 1 is almost indistinguishable from 
the corresponding tooth of the spotted hyaena ; the inner cusp being absent, and the 
talon relatively small. ' Tm. 4 is nearly as large as m. 1, and has large fore-and-aft 
talons. In pm. 3 there is a large hind, but no fore talon ; but there is a slight trace 
of the latter in pm. 2 : pm. 1 is absent. Owing to the incomplete protrusion of the 
canine, it is difficult to precisely estimate the exact length of the ‘ diastema,’ but 
this appears to have been relatively small. The dimensions of this specimen will be 
given below. 
British Museum mandible. — In his description of II. felina , Mr. Bose did not refer 
any mandible to that species. There is, however, in the British Museum, the 
greater part of a mandible (No. 16,565), represented in figures 2, 2a, of plate 
XXXIX., of the present volume, 2 which in respect of size, of the condition of the 
wear of the teeth, and its state of petrifaction agrees so closely with the type skull 
of H. felina , that there is every probability that the two belonged to the same 
species, and a very strong one that they belonged to the same individual. At least 
the former probability is converted into a certainty by the fact that, except as re- 
gards its somewhat smaller size, this specimen agrees in every respect with the two 
mandibles described above. It belongs to the right side of the jaw, and shows the 
whole of the hinder part of the ramus, with the three last teeth — all much worn and 
battered : it is fractured in front of pm. 3, the fracture having involved a part of 
that tooth, and extending interiorly backwards as far as the middle of pm. 4. Even 
in its present battered condition, the specimen shows that mTT was a relatively large 
tooth, having a small hind talon, and no inner cusp. The ‘Other teeth are too much 
damaged for exact description, but the side view shows that pm. 4 had well-developed 
fore-and-aft talons. 
In the following table the dimensions of the three mandibles described above 
are compared with those of the three existing species of hysena ; the latter being 
1 “Materiaux pour l’Histoire des Temps Quaternaires,” Paris (in course of publication) pi. IV, fig. 8. 
2 Also in figs. 1, la, of plate M of tli.o “ P.A.S.” 
