303—126 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
des formes particulieres dans la partie tuberculeuse de la dentition. Les dents que nous 
connaissons paraissent avoir ete moins favor ablement disposees que' celles des autres hyenes 
pour broyer des corps durs 
The present specimens have shown that the upper dentition is numerically the 
same as that of normal hyaenas ; while even if ra. 2 were present, it will he shown 
below that no good reason will be afforded for generic distinctness. It only remains, 
therefore, to consider whether the form of the premolars, the large size of m. 1 , the 
narrow elongated palate, the form of the posterior nares, the relations of the pre- 
maxillae to the frontals, and the small sagittal crest, afford grounds for generically 
separating the present species, and IT. cheer etis, from Hycena. The other characters 
of the Siwalik skull and jaw agreeing, however, so essentially with those of normal 
hyaenas, and the next species forming a transition between the two in respect of 
certain dental characters, it appears to the writer that it would be inadvisable to 
generically separate the present highly abnormal form from other hyaenas. 
Classing, then, Hycena macrostoma in the same genus with existing hyaenas, that 
species must be regarded as constituting an important link between the more typical 
members of the genus, and the viverroid and canoid Carnivora. It is not a little 
remarkable that in some respects it appears to have more affinity with the generalized 
genus Cynodictis than with Ictitherium , which is otherwise more closely allied to the 
hyaenas. It is of course impossible to say whether II. macrostoma resembled the 
existing hyaenas in its general external form : but it may be affirmed that its skull 
had a longer facial portion than in any existing species, from which it may be 
inferred that the head had a more wolf -like appearance than in existing hyaenas. 
The more elongated and slender jaws, coupled with the slighter form of the 
premolars, also renders it probable, as was suggested in the case of H. chceretis by 
Prof. Glaudry, that H. macrostoma did not obtain .the chief part of its nutriment by 
cracking the bones of the ' larger Herbivora, which had resisted the teeth of other 
Carnivora, as is the case with the living hyaenas ; but that on the contrary its habits 
were more like those of the wolves of the present day. 
Distribution. — The cranium and mandible described above are the only known 
remains of the species, and were both obtained from the Punjab. 
Species 4 : Hy^na sivalensis, Bose. 
History. — In his memoir on the Carnivora of the Siwaliks 1 Mr. Bose, under the 
name of “ H. sivalensis, Falc., et Caut. (?) et nob.” describes one of the skulls of 
hyaenas in the British Museum (No. 37,133), and distinguishes it from his II. felina. 
Under the former name, however, Mr. Bose ranks several other specimens in the 
same collection, consisting of fragments of the maxilla and mandible 2 ; all of which, 
with one possible exception, belong to other species. 2 The whole of these specimens 
1 ‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,’ vol. XXXVI., p. 128. 
2 These specimens are B.M., No. 16,583 (‘ F.A.S.,’ pi. L, fig. 2) : No. 37,137 (this work, pi. XXXVA., fig. 4 : sp. non. 
det .): No. 37,138 {ibid. , fig. 2 — H. felina) : No. 37,139 {ibid., fig. 1 — B. colvini) : No. 16,573 (woodcut, fig. 14, p. 296 — R. 
colvini ) : No. 39,731 (‘F.A.S.,’ pi. L, fig. b-H. felina (?) ) : No. 37,141 {ibid., fig. 7— E. felina (?) ). 
