309—132 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY YERTEBRATA. 
of the inner cusp of nh 1 sufficiently distinguishes that species 1 ; which also differs 
by m. 1 being placed entirely on the inner side of pm. 4 , and by the larger and more 
regularly conical premolars, and the presence of pm. 1. The presence of m. 2 in one 
of the mandibles of the present form, and its absence in the other, leads to the 
conclusion that the genus Ilycenictis cannot be maintained : an inference confirmed 
by the large size of m 1 in II. macrostoma. 
The foregoing comparisons show that the specimens under consideration are 
entitled to rank as a distinct species ; for which the name H. sivalensis , Bose, may be 
retained. In regard to its general affinities, the large size of m. 1 and the occasional 
presence of m. 2 indicates that the species is a more generalized form than any of the 
existing hysenas. The form of the carnassials indicates affinity with H. striata and 
II. brunnea, while the proportions of the premolars indicate an intermediate stage 
between those species and the more canoid II. macrostoma. The smaller talons of 
these teeth, and the obliquity of the cusp-line of mTT indicate, however, that H. 
sivalensis cannot probably be the direct ancestor of II. striata : although it is quite 
possible that it may occupy that position in regard to II. brunnea ; and may itself 
have descended from a stock allied to II. macrostoma, in which both pm. 1 and m. 2 
were normally present. 
Distribution . — The remains described above are all that can be referred to the 
present species ; the range of which extended from the typical Siwalik Hills to the 
Punjab. 
Species (?) 5 : non. clet. 
Maxilla. — In figure 4 of plate XXXVA. of this volume there is represented the 
right maxilla of a Siwalik hysena in the collection of the British Museum (No. 37,137), 
which is apparently different from any of those described above. 2 It shows the four 
premolars, and the broken alveolus of an elongated m. 1 (not shown in the figure ) ; all 
well worn, and a portion of the enamel of the outer side of pm. 4 being broken 
away. The carnassial appears to be not unlike that of II. felina , though smaller, 
and with the first lobe rather larger : the tubercle is also large. The two preceding 
premolars are set less obliquely than in II. felina , II. colvini, or H. sivalensis ; and are 
distinguished from those of II. macrostoma by the squarer forms of their crowns. 
The specimen also differs from H. felina by the elongated form of m. I . 3 The teeth 
are more like those of II. crocuta in respect of position ; but are distinguished by 
the larger size of m. 1, the smaller third lobe of pm. 4 , and the less distinctly marked 
1 triangle ’ of pm 3 . The carnassial, though larger, is more like the corresponding 
tooth in II. striata, or H. brunnea ; but the form or position of the preceding teeth is 
different. 71. eximia is distinguished by the form of pm. 4 . 
Although it appears highly probable that the present specimen really belongs to 
a fifth Siwalik species, it appears desirable to await additional materials before 
naming it. 
1 This cusp is present in the deciduotis carnassial. 3 Shown in the original figures. 
2 Also figured in “ F.A.S.,” supl. plate L., figs. 6, 6a : the figures in pi. XXXVA. arc reversed. 
