SIWALIK AND NARBADA CARNIVORA. 
149_326 
Specific distinctness . — The foregoing comparisons clearly show that the present 
species differs very widely from the tiger ; and, though somewhat nearer to the lion, 
and still nearer to the jaguar, cannot be referred to any existing species. In size 
it was about equal to average tigers, but was distinguished by its generally stronger 
skull, as shown by the greater development of the sagittal crest, wider zygomatic 
arches, larger condyles, stronger glenoid fossa, longer carnassial tooth, and shorter 
muzzle; and was probably an altogether more powerful animal, showing in this 
respect an analogy with the jaguar, which in proportion to its size is the most 
powerful of living cats. 
Of fossil species, the cave lion, whether it be regarded with MM. Dawkins and 
Sandford as identical with Fr leo, or with MM. Filliol and Bourguignat as a distinct 
species, differs from the fossil in nearly the same respects as the existing lion. Of the 
numerous other forms of Felis which M. Bourguignat 1 has described from the 
pleistocene of Europe, the only ones equal in size to the present form are those 
which he has named F. ( Tigris ) edwardsiana and F. (T.) europcea. The former species 
is founded on the proportions of the body and tail, and the size of certain teeth, 
which are said to differ from those of F. spelcea. The second species is named on 
the evidence of a humerus and radius. These very problematical species do not, 
therefore, admit of comparison with the Siwalik form. A fragmentary maxilla of a 
smaller form which M. Bourguignat designates F. ( Leopardus ) brachystoma 2 indicates, 
if the restoration be correct, a palate still shorter than in the Indian fossil. From 
the later tertiaries of N. America Dr. Leidy 3 has described three large felines, on the 
evidence of detached teeth and fragments of the jaws, and has named them F. 
augustaf F. atrox , and F. imperialis. The first was nearly as large as the tiger, the 
second considerably larger, and the third intermediate between the two. As the 
upper teeth of the Siwalik fossil are not preserved, it is impossible to compare the 
latter with the American species. 
There does not appear to be any other described species of Felis which can be 
the same as F. cristata ; and even if there be such, that name probably has the 
priority. 
Fistribution . — The three skulls described above are the only remains which can 
be certainly referred to the present species ; and were all obtained from the typical 
Siwalik Hills. 
Species 2: Felis (? Cyntelurus) braciiygnathus, n. sp., nobis. 
History. — In figures 1 , la, and 2, 2a; of plate XLIII. there are represented two 
right rami of the mandible of a large feline, in the Siwalik collection of the British 
Museum (Nos. 16,573 and 16,537), previously figured in the “ F. A. S.” 5 under the 
head of Machcerodus sivalensis 6 ; a reference which has been shown to be incorrect by 
1 “ Histoire des Felidae Fossiles, etc.,” Paris, 1879. 4 Frrorim, F. augustus. 
2 Op. cit., fig. 6. 5 Plate Ni> . flgs . 6> 6a; 7) 7a _ 
3 “ Extinct Vert. Fauna of Western Territories,” pp. 227-8. 6 “ Pal. Mem.,” vol. I., p. 551 
K 2 
