SIWALIK AND NARBADA CARNIVORA. 
165—342 
of its main lobe. There is but a faint indication of the commencement of the symphysial 
expansion in front of pm. 3 ; showing the small size of this part. 1 The length of 
pm. 3 is somewhat greater than in the type specimen ; but as similar variations 
obtain in M. sivalensis , this character cannot be regarded as of more than individual 
value. From the precise resemblance of this specimen to the last mandible, it may 
probably be referred to a female of M. palceinclicus. The specimen is in the Siwalik 
collection of the British Museum. 
Comparisons . — In the following table the dimensions of the three specimens 
described above (taken in the same order) are compared with those of the four 
specimens of the mandible of M. sivalensis , and with the mandibles of M. meg anther eon, 
M. cultriclens, and M. neogceus ^ vis . : — 
M. meganthereon. M. sivalensis. M. palseindicus. M. cultridens. M. neogeeus. 
Length of diastema 
1-43 
r~ 
1*47 (?) 
D27 - 
1-93 
2-68 
Depth of jaw in front of pm. 3 
1-18 
1-35 
i *71 
1-65 
115 
,, ,, ,, at m. 1 
1-2 
1 '18 
1-35 
1-36 
1-41 
1-2 
1-82 
1-57 
,, ,, ,, behind canine 
1-9 
2-4 (?) 
2'6 
2-2 (?) 
2-4 
Length of pm. 3 
0-39 
0-4 
0-32 
0-37 
0'44 
0'5 
0'66 
0 8 
0-33 
,,,,,, 4 
0-82 
0-85 
0-81 
0-8 
0-94 
0-92 
0'9 
0'92 
M3 
Width „ „ „ . 
0-41 
0-4 
0'49 
0'49 
0-53 
Length ,, m 1 
0-75 
0-98 
1-02 
0'9 
l'O 
1*17* 
1-14 
Antero-posterior diameter of canine 
0-4 
0-59 
0 67 
0-8 
These dimensions show that M. palceindicus, judging from the size of m. 1, Was 
fully as large as M. neogceus. Taking the two specimens regarded as belonging to 
the male sex, the mandible of the present species when compared with that of M. 
sivalensis (woodcut fig. 18), is distinguished by the earlier commencement of the 
descending symphysial expansion, by the much less distinctly marked angle formed 
by the junction of the latter with the inferior border of the horizontal ramus, and 
by the shorter diastema. The inferior termination of the descending expansion is, 
moreover, rounded in the present species ; while in M. sivalensis it was evidently 
pointed, as in M. necator. From these differences the symphysial expansion in M. 
palceindicns is less differentiated from the ramus, giving to the whole jaw a more 
massive appearance than in M. sivalensis. 
Comparing the specimens referred to females, there is a much less marked 
distinction between the mandibles of the two species. Thus while in M. palceindicns 
the symphysial expansion does not commence till about the same point as in M. 
sivalensis ; in the latter (pi. XLIV., fig. 4) the same part is small, with its inferior 
border forming a gradual junction with the inferior border of the horizontal ramus. 
The mandibles of the females may, however, be readily distinguished by the larger 
size of the teeth in M. palceindicns , and especially by the greater proportionate width 
of pm. 4. In the same sex pm. 3 is generally larger than in M. sivalensis. 
These comparisons show that the distinctive mandibular characters of these two 
species are strongly marked only in the male sex, as is the case with some external 
1 The machserodont character of this specimen is indicated by the distinct interval between pm. 3 and pm. 4. 
2 Given by Mr. Bose as 1 • 1 . 
