Genus Scytonotus 
9 
ments 5-9 of most adult females. Hoffman (1962b) correctly ob- 
served that the species in the Blue Ridge Province have normal 
paranota in adult females and lack tibial lobes in males, which 
distinguish them from S. granulatus in areas where their ranges 
abut near the Blue Ridge Province. Likewise, S. columbianus lacks 
the lobes in males and has normal paranota in females, allowing it 
to be distinguished from S. piger in the interior of British Colum- 
bia and the adjacent part of the United States. Details of the tibial 
lobes, paranota, and taxonomically important aspects of the gonopods 
are provided in the ensuing paragraphs. The species diagnoses in 
the descriptive accounts cite, in sequence, the attributes of the male 
tibiae; the relative lengths of the gonopodal tibiotarsi and endomerites; 
the characteristics of the medial, distal, and lateral laminae of the 
gonopods; and the condition of the paranota on segments 5-9 in 
females. 
Tibia of legs 13-20/22 in males — As noted by Cook and Cook 
(1894), several leg articles are enlarged and papillose to varying 
degrees, but these traits are difficult to see, do not appear to hold 
taxonomic utility, and are not treated here. However, the tibiae of 
legs 13-20/22 (the posterior legs of segment 9 through the poste- 
rior legs of segment 13/anterior legs of 14) are modified in all 
species except S. columbianus , virginicus, and australis. The tibiae 
on these legs are swollen ventrally and possess one or two distal 
lobes on the caudal, anterior, or both margins. The lobes arise sud- 
denly on the 13th tibiae as long, subterminal projections from the 
caudal margins (Fig 2). They are glabrous and laminate, curve slight- 
ly, extend beyond the distal extremities of the podomeres, and are 
broad apically. The pattern varies (Table 1), but in general this 
configuration persists through the 16th legs (anterior legs of seg- 
ment 11). On the 17th legs (caudal legs of the 11th segment) there 
is a smaller, moderate-size lobe in the same position. On the 18th 
legs of most species, the anterior legs of segment 12, there is a 
small lobe at this position and one directly opposite on the anterior 
margin (Fig. 3). Depending on the species, the anterior lobe per- 
sists through the 20th/22nd tibiae, while the caudal lobe disap- 
pears. The anterior lobe also disappears after legs 20/22, and the 
remaining legs are unmodified. 
Cook and Cook (1894) stated that legs 13-20 in S. granulatus, 
the ones with tibial modifications, clasp the segments of females 
with reduced paranota during copulation. No evidence was provided, 
but five segments are involved in females, numbers 5-9, and the 
legs on five or six segments (segments 9-13/14) are modified in 
males, so the statement is plausible because the modifications corre- 
