Gkoi,ogy\] 
NATURAL HISTORY. 
o9:i 
the breccia of Siciljs and in several other places, at heights 
too great, and their preservation is too perfect, to admit of 
this mode of conveyance; and to account for their existence 
in such situations, recourse must be had to more powerful 
means of transport. 
The occurrence of corals, and marine shells of recent 
appearance, at considerable heights above the sea, on the 
coasts of New Holland, Timor, and several other islands 
of the south, was justly considered by M. Peron as de- 
monstrating the former “ abode of the sea” above the land ; 
and very naturally suggested an inquiry, as to the nature of 
the revolutions to which this change of situation is to be 
ascribed From similar appearances at Pulo Nias, one of 
the islands off the western coast of Sumatra, Dr. Jack also 
was led to infer, that the “ surface of that island must at one 
time have been the bed of the ocean;” and after stating, 
“ that by whatever means it obtained its present elevation, 
the transition must have been effected with little violence or 
disturbance to the marine productions at the surface t,” he 
concludes, that the phenomena are in favour of an “ heaving 
up of the land, by a force from beneath.^' The probable na- 
ture of this force is indicated most distinctly, if not demon- 
strated, by the phenomena which attended the memorable 
earthquake of Chili, in November, 1820^, which was felt 
siderable height above the sea, the Gulls have been seen carrying 
up the living patellse, just taken from the rocks. 
Peron, Voyage, &c. vol. ii. pp. 165-183. 
t Geol. Trans., Second Series, vol. i. p. 403, 404. 
The statements here referred to, are those of Mrs. Graham, in 
a letter to Mr. Warburton, which has been published in the Geolo- 
gical Transactions, (Second Series, vol. i. p. 412, &c.) ; and the 
account is supported and illustrated by a valuable paper in the Jour- 
nal of the Royal Institution for April, 1824, (vol. xvii. p. 38, &c.) 
Vol. II. ’ 2 Q 
