594 
APPENDIX. 
rc. 
throughout a space of fifteen hundred miles from north to 
south. For it is stated upon the clearest evidence, that after 
formidable shocks of earthquake, repeated with little inter- 
ruption during the whole night of the 19th of November, 
(and the shocks were continued afterwards, at intervals, for 
several months,) ‘‘ it appeared, on the morning of the 20th, 
that the whole line of coast, from north to south, to a distance 
of about one hundred miles, had been raised above its former 
level’" — “ The alteration of level at Valparaiso was about 
three feet ; and some rocks were thus newly exposed, on 
which the fishermen collected the scallop-shell fish, which 
was not known to exist there before the earthquake. At 
Quintero the elevation was about four feet. — “ When I, 
went,*^ the narrator adds, “ to examine the coast, although 
it was high-water, I found the ancient bed of the sea laid 
bare, and dry, with beds of oysters, muscles, and other 
shells adhering to the rocks on which they grew, — the fish 
being all dead, and exhaling most offensive effluvia.— 
And I found good reason to believe that the coast had 
been raised by earthquakes at former periods in a similar 
manner ; several ancient lines of beach, consisting of shingle 
mixed with shells, extending, in a parallel direction to the 
shore, to the height of fifty feet above the sea.” — Such 
an accumulation of geological evidence, from different quar- 
ters and distinct classes of phenomena, concurs to de- 
monstrate the existence of most powerful expansive forces 
within the earth, — and to testify their agency in producing 
The writer of this latter article asserts, that “ the whole coun- 
try, from the foot of the Andes to far out at sea, was raised by 
the earthquake ; the greatest rise being at the distance of about 
two miles from the shore. The rise upon the coast was from two 
to four feet : — at the distance of a mile, inland, it must have been 
from five to six, or seven feet.” pp. 40, 45. 
