lvi 
CLASSIFICATIONS OF ORDERS AND GENERA. 
Herbs. Stamens 4, opposite 4 perianth lobes .... 
Climbing shrubs. Leaves compound 
Erect shrubs and trees. Carpels separate, 1-ovuled . . 
Herb. Stamen 1. Styles 2 . . 
Leaves alternate. 
Tree. Leaves simple, exstipulate. Calyx 5-lobed . . . 
Tree. Leaves simple, stipuled. Male perianth eampanulate 
TJnbranched tree. Leaves very large, pinnate . . . . 
Trees. Leaves simple. Anthers with recurved valves 
Herbs, shrubs and trees. Stamens 4 or 5, opposite 
perianth lobes 
Herbs. Male flower 4- or 5-partite. Female 2-partite . 
Tree. Perianth of 2 peltate scales. Stamens numerous . 
Climbing shrub. Leaves long, sheathing, prickly . 
Herbs often large, epiphytic, usually scaly or silky. 
Perianth 6-lobed. Stamens 6 
Leaves 0. 
Small, alpine, rigid, twiggy shrub 
Slender twining parasite 
§ 6. Perianth single, regular, superior. (The perianth is double in 
most, but the calyx-limb being minute or absent it appears 
to be single.) 
Leaves opposite. 
Parasitic shrub. Leaves exstipulate. Flowers green 
Shrubs and herbs. Leaves stipulate. Stamens usually 4 
Tree. Leaves opposite and alternate, exstipulate . . . 
Leaves whorled 
Leaves alternate or radical. 
Herb. Leaves radical. Flowers small, spiked or racemed 
Shrubs. Leaves exstipulate. Flowers not nmbelled . 
Shrubs and trees. Flowers umbelled or capitate . 
Herb. Flowers umbelled or capitate 
Parasite shrub. Leaves exstipulate. Flowers green . 
Erect tree. Flowers cymose 
Trailing herb, with tendrils. Leaves angled .... 
§ 5. Perianth very incomplete or 0. 
Leaves opposite. 
Shrub. Leaves serrate. Flowers spiked 
Herb. Leaves entire. Flowers solitary 
Leaves alternate or radical. 
a. Herbs. Flowers in the axils of scales, arranged in spike- 
lets. (Grasses, sedges, etc. Leaves sheathing, long, 
slender, or 0.) 
Stems hollow, terete, jointed. Leaf-sheaths split to, the 
base 
Stems solid, flat, angled or 3-gonous. Leaf-sheath entire 
Stems solid. Leaf-sheaths usually entire. Anthers 
1 -celled 
0. Herbs not grassy in foliage, of various habit. 
Marsh herbs. Flowers capitate or in large catkins 
Water plants. Flowers obscure 
Land plants. Flowers in very slender catkins . . . 
Land plants. Flowers small, green 
Fleshy root-parasite, with tuberous rhizome and stout 
scaly peduncles 
y. Trees and shrubs. 
Stem climbing. Leaves sheathing, long, prickly . . 
Shrub. Leaves very aromatic 
Urticeas, p. 250. 
Ceehatis, p. 1 . 
Monimiace/E, p. 239. 
Callitriche, p. 68. 
Dodonasa, p. 44. 
Fagus, p. 248. 
Areca, p. 288. 
Laurinea:, p. 238. 
Urticeae, p. 250. 
Atripi.ex, p. 231. 
Carumbium, p. 248. 
Freycinetia, p. 275. 
Astelia, p. 283. 
Exocarpus, p. 246. 
Cassytha, p. 239. 
Tupeia, p. 109. 
B.UBIACEA5, p. 110. 
Santalum, p. 247. 
Myriophyllum, p. 66. 
Gunnera, p. 67. 
Corneas, p. 104. 
Araliacea:, p. 99. 
Umbelliferas, p. 84. 
Tupeia, p. 109. 
Santalum, p. 247. 
Sicyos, p. 82. 
Ascarina, p. 253. 
Callitriche, p. 68. 
Gramineas, p. 317. 
Cyperacea;, p. 296. 
Restiaceal, p. 293. 
Typhacea:, p. 276. 
Naiadeas, p. 277. 
PlPERACEAI, p. 254. 
Urticeae, p. 250. 
Dactylanthus, p. 255. 
Freycinetia, p. 275. 
Piper, p. 254. 
