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XXXVII. CAPRIFOLIACEjE, 
[. Alseuosmia . 
slender. Leaves 1-8 in. long, most variable, lanceolate, or oblong- or obo- 
vate-lanceolate or oblong, obtuse, entire or more or less deeply sinuate-toothed 
or lolied, like the Oak ; petioles -j— f in. long. Flowers about | in. long, 
4- or 5-lobed ; pedicels slender. Berry i in. long. — A. Ilex , A. Cunn. Prodr. 
Northern Island : Bay of Islands, A. Cunningham, to Te Hawera, Colenso. 
3. A. Banksii, A. Cunn. ; — Fl.N. Z. i. 102. t. 24. A small straggling 
bush, with spreading branches, which are slender and puberulous. Leaves 
about 1 in. long, very variable, usually broadly-oblong obovate or rhomboid, 
with waved toothed or lobed margins. Fowers ■§■— % in. long, generally soli- 
tary. Berry A in. long. — A. atriplicifolia and paleeiformis, A. Cunn. 
Northern Island, Banks and Solander ; Bay of Islands, in woods, common, A. Cun- 
ningham, etc. 
4. A. linariifolia, A. Cunn. ;—Fl. N. Z. i. 102. t. 25. A small erect 
shrub, 1-3 ft. high. Branches slender, glabrous or with minute spreading 
pubescence. Leaves 1-1£ in. long, linear or linear -lanceolate, entire or sinuate- 
toothed, generally on very short petioles. Flowers | in. long, on slender 
pedicels, solitary or 2 or 3 together. Lobes of corolla obscurely toothed. 
Berry small, less than \ in. long. — A. ligustrifolia, A. Cunn. 
Northern Island : Bay of Islands, in woods, A. Cunningham, etc. 
Order XXXVIII. RUBIACEiE. 
Trees shrubs or herbs. Leaves opposite with interpetiolar stipules, or 
whorled, simple, quite entire, usually turning black when dried. Flowers re- 
gular, hermaphrodite or unisexual. — Calyx-tube adherent to the ovary, limb 
4- or 5-toothed or -lobed or 0. Corolla rotate tubular funnel-shaped or eampa- 
nulate, 4-9-lobed -toothed or -parted, valvate or imbricate. Stamens inserted 
on the corolla, as many as its lobes. Ovary usually 2- or 3-eelled ; styles 1 or 2, 
long, stigma 2- or 3-lobed or capitate ; ovule 1 in the New Zealand species. 
Fruit various, in the New Zealand species dry or fleshy, with 2-6 cells or nuts 
and 1 seed in each cell. Testa very thin, albumen horny ; embryo rather 
small, with flat cotyledons. 
One of the largest Orders of flowering plants, of which the shrubby and arboreous species 
are very rare in the northern temperate zone, but frequent in the southern. 
Shrubs or trees or woody-stemmed herbs. Leaves opposite. Flowers 
unisexual I. Coprosma. 
Herbs, creeping. Leaves opposite. Flowers hermaphrodite .... 2. Nektera. 
Herbs. Leaves whorled. Corolla rotate 3. Galium. 
Herbs. Leaves whorled. Corolla funnel- or bell-shaped 4. Asperula. 
1. COPROSMA, Foist. 
Trees or shrubs, sometimes small and creeping, often fetid when braised 
and drying. Leaves evergreen, opposite, with interpetiolar stipules. Flowers 
unisexual, often dioecious, often minute green and inconspicuous, solitary and 
sessile, or 2 or more clustered on the branches of a peduncle. — Calyx : male , 
cupular, equally or unequally 2-5 -lobed or toothed, or truncate and erase, 
female, tube ovoid ; limb 4-5-toothed or -lobed. Corolla tubular or funnel- 
