200 
LII. SOLANEjK. 
OltDER LII. SOLANE.®. 
Herbs slirubs or trees. Leaves alternate, exstipulate. Flowers usually in 
cymes, regular or irregular, hermaphrodite. — Calyx usually 5-lobed, inferior. 
Corolla 5-lobed, folded in bud. Stamens inserted on the corolla, alternating 
with the lobes ; anthers free or cohering, opening by slits or pores. Ovary 
superior, 2-celled ; style simple, stigma entire or lobed ; ovules numerous, on 
placentas attached to the axis. Fruit a berry (rarely capsular) indehiscent, 
several-seeded ; albumen copious, fleshy ; embryo usually curved or spiral. 
A very extensive Natural Order, abounding in all temperate and hot latitudes. 
1. SOLANUM, Linn. 
Herbs shrubs or small trees. Flowers regular. — Calyx 4- or 5 -cleft. Co- 
rolla rotate or bell-shaped, 4- or 5 -fid, with plaited aestivation. Stamens 4 
or 5, equal or unequal, filaments short; anthers linear, free or conniving, 
opening by 2 terminal pores. Style simple, stigma obtuse ; ovules very nume- 
rous. Berry oblong or globose, 2- celled, cells many-seeded. Seeds flattened 
or reniform ; embryo curved. 
A very large genus, found in all temperate and tropical parts of the world, absent in the 
coldest. 
Tall and stout. Flowers 5-5 in. diam., blue or purple. Anthers spreading 1. S. aviculare. 
Slender. Flowers k in. diam., whitish. Anthers connivent 2. S. nigrum. 
1. S. aviculare, Foi-st.; — FI. N. Z. i. 182. Stem tall, herbaceous, 
glabrous, angled, shrubby at the base, branched, leafy. Leaves very variable, 
4-1 0 in. long, lanceolate or oblong, entire or variously lobed or pinnatifid, 
membranous, glabrous, veins divaricating at right angles. Flowers in axillary 
or supra-axillary 3-10-flowered cymes, large, purplish or bluish. Calyx-lobes 
short, obtuse. Anthers spreading. Berry ovoid, edible.— S. laciniatum, 
Aiton; Bot. Mag. t. 349. 
Throughout the islands, common in woods, Banks and Solander, etc. Also found in 
Norfolk Island, in Southern Australia, and Tasmania. The spreading anthers are unusual in 
the genus. 
2. S. nigrum, Linn. ; — FI. N. Z. i. 182. Stems slender, branched, 
glabrous, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves petioled, 1-4 in. long, ovate, acuminate, 
rarely sinuate or lobed. Flowers L~i hi- diam., umbelled, umbels on long 
supra-axillary peduncles. Berry | in. diam., globose, black or red. 
Abundant in waste places near houses, etc., throughout the islands. One of the commonest 
weeds in the world. 
The “Cape Gooseberry,” Phgsalis peruviana, Linn., is naturalized in the northern dis- 
tricts of New Zealand. The Potato, Capsicum, and Tomato also occur as escapes from cul- 
tivation. 
Order LIII. SCEOPHULARINE^. 
Herbs, shrubs, or small trees. Leaves opposite, (except Pygmcea) ex- 
stipulate. Flowers axillary or in terminal racemes cymes or panicles, irre- 
