256 
LXXV. CONIFER.®. 
Leaves linear or scale-like. Drupe inverted, adnate to a fleshy pe- 
duncle 3. Podocarpijs. 
Leaves linear or scale-like. Nuts erect, in fleshy cups 4. Dacrydium. 
Leaves fan-shaped. Nuts on the leaves, erect, iu fleshy cups ... 5. Phyllocladus. 
1. DAMMARA, Linn. 
Lofty trees. Leaves, when young distichous, flat, coriaceous, with nume- 
rous parallel veins. Cone large. — Inflorescence dioecious. Male .- cylindric 
catkins of sessile imbricated stamens; anthers of 8-15 cells, pendulous from 
a peltate connective. Female : terminal, cones ovoid obovoid or globose, formed 
of many closely imbricating, woody or coriaceous, deciduous scales. Ovide 
solitary at the base of each scale, inverted. Seed unequally winged. — Jga- 
this, Salisb. 
A considerable genus, confined to Australia, New Zealand, the Malayan and Fiji islands, 
New Caledonia, and New Hebrides. 
1. D. australis, Lambert ; — FI. N. Z. i. 281. A very large, lofty tree, 
120 ft. high ; trunk sometimes 10 ft. diam. ; branches whorled in the young 
plant ; bark thick, very resinous. Leaves coriaceous, sessile, lanceolate in 
young plants, 2-3 in. long, in old oblong or obovate, 1-1^ in. long, glaucous. 
Male cones I in. long ; — fem. obovoid or club-shaped, 2-3 in. long. — Podo- 
carpus zamicefolius, A. Kich. 
Northern Island : east coast, from Mercury Bay northwards, Banks and So/ander, etc. 
The famous Kauri or Kaudi Pine. Though not now found south of Mercury Bay, the gum 
was stated (Mr. Haast thinks erroneously) to be dug up iu the Middle Island. The great 
lumps now found in the Northern Island are said to be much larger than the existing trees 
produce. 
2. LIBOCEDRUS, Endl. 
Trees or shrubs. Branches compressed when young, 4-gonous when old, 
imbricate. — Inflorescence monoecious. Male: cylindric catkins of 6 or 7 
stamens; anthers sessile, of 4 cells pendulous from a peltate connective. 
Female : terminal cones formed of 4 erect woody persistent scales, the alternate 
smaller. Ovules 2 at the base of each scale, erect. Seeds solitary at the base 
of each scale, compressed, unequally winged. 
A small genus, consisting of two Chilian and two New Zealand species. 
Branchlets all much compressed 1. L. Doniana. 
Branches for the most part 4-gonous 2. L. Bidwillii. 
1. L. Doniana, Endl . — Thuja Doniana, Hook.; El. N. Z. i. 231. A 
tree, 60-100 ft high and 8-10 ft. circumference ; bark flaking off and stringy, 
wood fine-grained, heavy, dark-coloured; branches distichous, vertical and 
flat in young plants (like the Arbor-Vitse), much compressed, ^ J n . broad, 
fastigiate, more 4-gonous in old plants. Leaves in 4 rows, of two sizes, 
the lateral larger, those in the upper and lower faces of the branches very 
small. Cones ovate, obtuse, | in. long ; scales with a sharp curved spine at 
the back . — Thuja Doniana, Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. 571. t. 18; Dacry- 
dium plumosum, Don. 
Northern Island: forests on the Bay of Islands, Bennett, A. Cunningham, etc. 
Hokianga, Edgerley. Wood said to be excellent both for planks and spars. 
