238 
VIII. FALMli/E. 
Seed erect or laterally attached, embryo small, in a cavity of the horny albu- 
men. 
A very large tropical Order, including the Date, Cocoa-nut, etc., which reaches its highest 
south latitude in New Zealand. 
1. ARECA, Linn. 
Trees, with simple ringed trunks. Leaves pinnate, rarely entire. In- 
florescence axillary. — Flowers monoecious, panicled ; males numerous, fe- 
males few, at the bases of the branches, or flowers ternate, and each female 
having a male on either side of it. Spathes 2- or 3-leaved. Stamens 6. 
Ovary 1-3-celled. Drupe with a fibrous inner coat. Embryo at the base 
of the albumen. 
A large tropical, Indian, Australian, and Pacific Island genus, to which the Betel-nut Palm 
belongs. 
1. A. sapida, Soland.; — FI. N. Z. i. 263. t. 59 and 60. Trunk 6-10 
ft. high ; 6-8 in. diam. ; cylindric, green. Leaves 4-6 ft. long, pinnate ; 
leaflets very narrow-linear, margin replicate, nerves midrib and petiole 
covered with minute scales. Spathes 2 or 3, white, a foot long. Panicles 
densely branched, 18-24 in. long, white. Flowers very numerous, crowded, 
males and females mixed. Perianth-lobes acuminate, outer smaller. Ovary 
3-celled ; ovules lateral, pendulous. Drupe oblong, \ in. long. Albumen 
surface smooth (not ruminated). — A. Ban/csii, Martius. 
Northern and Middle Islands : as far south as Queen Charlotte’s Sound, Banks and 
Solander , etc. Very closely allied to the Norfolk Island A. Baueri, which is a larger 
plant ; young inflorescence eaten. 
Order IX. JUNCE^l. 
Herbs, leafless or with stiff, rush-like or flat grassy leaves. Stems, or culms 
cylindric or compressed, bearing cymes heads or panicles of small, bracteate, 
hermaphrodite flowers. — Perianth of 6 dry, usually brown, lanceolate acuminate 
leaflets in 2 rows. Stamens 6, rarely 3, inserted at the bases of the leaflets. 
Ovary 3-angled, 1- or 3-celied; style short or long, stigmas 3, linear; ovules 
solitary or many in each cell. Capsule included in the persistent perianth, 
1-3-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, 1 -many-seeded. Seeds minute, albuminous; 
embryo minute. 
A large Order, found in every part of the world, most frequent in the temperate zones. 
Glabrous. Style short or 0. Ovary 3-celled, many-ovuled 1. Juncus. 
Glabrous. Style long. Ovary 1-celled, many-ovuled 2. Rostkovia. 
More or less hairy. Style short. Ovary 1-celled, 3-ovuled ..... 3. Luzuj.a. 
1. JUNCUS, Linn. 
Herbs, glabrous, with annual, fibrous roots, on creeping, jointed root- 
stocks. Leaves slender or stout, sheathing at the base, terete or flat, jointed 
internally or not so, sometimes 0, or reduced to sheaths. — Flowers in terrni- 
