Triticum. 
XII. GKAMINE.®. 
343 
— T. squarrosum. Banks and Sol. ; Festuca scabra, Labiil. FI. Nov. Holl. i. 
t. 26. 
Northern and Middle Islands : common in dry ground, Banks and Solander, etc. ; 
ascending to 3000 ft. on the Hopkins, Haast. This may pass into the preceding, hut the 
two plants are so different in their ordinary states that I hesitate to unite them. The pre- 
sent is abundant in Australia and Tasmania, and apparently the same is found in central 
Asia, Abyssinia, and Persia. Travers says that it is a most valuable fodder grass, growing 
freely up to 6000 ft., and ravenously eaten by all kinds of cattle. 
3. T. Y oungii, Hook. f. Habit of T. scabrum. Leaves quite glabrous 
below,' slightly scabrid on the upper surface. Spike 2-3 in. long, of 3 or 4 
very large spikelets 4 in. long, including the awns. Empty glumes \ in. long, 
acuminate, margins membranous ; flowering ones nearly f in. long without 
the awn, which is lf-2 in. long, very stout, rigid, scabrid, concave at the 
back, concave in front with scabrid edges, margin and sides of glumes scabrid 
and almost aculeate. 
Middle Island : grassy flats, sources of the Waitaki, alt. 3000 ft., Haast. A remarkable * 
plant, with few spikelets, almost twice as large as those of T. scabrum, and very long rigid awns. 
My specimens are unperfect, and some allowance must here be made for the description. 
The "Wheat, Triticum vulgare, Linn., is no doubt often found as an escape from cultivation, 
as is its ally the Barley, Hordeum sativum, L. The common H. murinum , Linn., of Euro- 
pean roadsides, is also naturalized in Otago. 
Lolium perenne, Linn., temulentum, Linn., and arvense, With., all common European 
“Rye-Grasses,” are found occasionally near cultivation: the genus is known from Triticum 
by its solitary empty glume. 
26. GYMNOSTICH UM, Schreber. 
Characters of Triticum, but the outer empty glumes are absent or repre- 
sented by a pair of rigid bristles, and 1-3-flowered ; flowering glumes on a 
flattened rachis, seated on thickened calli. 
The only other described species is a native of the United States. 
1. G. gracile. Hook. /., FI. N. Z. i. 312. t. 70. Perennial?, slender, 
erect, 3-4 ft. high, smooth. Leaves narrow, fiat, upper surface rough, sheaths 
smooth. Spike 4-8 in. long, very slender, inclined ; rachis flat, flexuous, 
edges ciliate. Spikelets 20-30, lax, sessile, solitary, f in. long with the 
awns, 1-3-flowered. Empty glumes 0 or replaced by 2 persistent bristles ; 
flowering 1—3, distant on a flattened rachis, each with a callus at its base, 
upper imperfect, lower shortly pedicelled, all lanceolate, 5 -nerved, scabrid ; 
awn straight, shorter than the glume. Scales 2-lobed, ciliate. Ovary villous ; 
styles remote at the base. 
Northern Island: woods at Patea and Tarawera, Colenso. Middle Island : Akaroa, 
Raoul; Otago, lake district, Rector and Buchanan. Avery curious grass, closely allied 
to the North American A. hystrix, which has usually the spikelets in pairs, and the empty 
glumes deciduous; I have described the empty glumes as sometimes replaced by two 
rigid persistent bristles ; these I take to be rudimentary spikelets. 
The following grasses, which I find described as natives of New Zealand, are unknown to 
me, nor can I guess what they are. 
Kampmannia Zeelandice, Steud. Synops. Gram. 35. Very imperfectly described, no 
habitat nor collector’s name given. It is placed next to Hystericina, Steud., which I have 
referred to Echinopoyon (p. 325). 
