Polypodium.'] 
I. FILICES. 
381 
Island : not uncommon as far south as Otago. Very similar indeed to Aspidium aculeatum, 
and with similar scales, but the pinnules are more stipitate, longer, and narrower. 
5. P. rugulosum, Labill. FI. Nov. Hull. t. 211 ; — FI. N. Z. ii. 41. 
Ehizome stout, creeping, rigid, villous or hispid and scaly. Fronds scattered, 
3 ft. high, rather membranous, covered with glandular viscid pubescence, 
often rufous when dry, ovate-lanceolate or deltoid, 2-4-pinnate ; stipes and 
rachis bright red-brown, glandular pubescent and tubercled ; primary divisions 
in distant stipitate pairs, oblong, acuminate ; pinnules |-f in. long, oblong or 
linear-oblong, obtuse, pinnatifid with rounded lobes or angled at the margin; 
veins once or twice forked. Sori on the veinlets, sometimes very abundant 
and covering the under surface of the pinnae. — Hook. Sp. Fil. iv. 272 ; P. 
viscidum, Sprengel ; Cheilanthes ambiyua , A. Kick, 
Abundant in woods throughout the Northern and Middle Islands, Banks and Solan- 
der, etc. laord Auckland’s group and Campbell’s Island, J. D. II. A very common 
tropical and southern temperate fern, iu all quarters of the globe, passing into Ihjpolepis 
lenuifolia. 
6. P. perniigeram, Forst. ; — Goniopteris pennigera, J. Sm. ; FI. N. Z. 
ii. 40. Ehizome erect, 6-12 in. high, stout, woody, covered with the bases 
of the old stipes. Fronds 2-3 ft. high, glabrous, oblong, lanceolate, mem- 
branous, pinnate, pinnatifid at the top ; stipes and rachis stout, quite gla* 
brous and smooth, scaly at the very base ; pinnules often opposite, sessile, 
truncate or auricled at the base, linear-elongate, 4-8 in. long, f in. broad, 
long acuminate or caudate, pinnatifid to the middle, lobes short, ovate, obtuse, 
quite entire ; veins 6-8 pairs, free except the lowest branch, which meets the 
next above it at the sinus between the lobes. Sori globose, numerous, on the 
middle of the veins, nearer the costa than the margin. — Hook. Sp. Fil. v. 7 ; 
Schkuhr, Fil. t. 22 ; Aspidium pennigerum, Swartz. 
Abundant throughout the Northern and Middle Islands to Akaroa (Raoul), Banks 
and Solander , etc. I have seen no Otago specimens ; nor is the plant found in the Ker- 
madec Islands or Norfolk Island. 
7. P. rupestre, Br. ; — Niphobolus rupestris, Hook, and Grev. Tc. Fil. 
t. 93 ; FI. N. Z. ii. 44. Ehizome slender, creeping, tortuous, scaly, branched, 
scales narrow. Fronds distant, erect, of 2 forms, simple, tapering into a 
short stipes which is jointed on to the rhizome, very coriaceous, covered 
with rusty-brown or white stellate hairs and down ; barren fronds 1-4 in. 
long, ^-1 in. broad, obovate spathulate or orbicular, obtuse ; fertile 3-6 in. 
long, linear or linear-oblong or lanceolate ; veins irregularly anastomosing, 
sunk in the substance of the frond. Sori large, numerous, protruding through 
the tomentum, often confluent, irregularly placed, but chiefly on the upper 
half of the frond. — Hook. Sp. Fil. v. 46 ; P. stellatum , A. Eicli. ; P. serpens, 
Forst. ; P. elceagnifolium, Bory. 
Abundant throughout the Northern and Middle Islands, Banks and Solander, etc. 
Kermadec Islands, Macgillivray. Also a native of Australia and the Pacific Islands. The 
stellate hairs of this plant, horizontally placed on a jointed stalk, are beautiful microscopic 
objects. 
8. P. Cunninghami, Hook. Sp. Fil. v. 58. — Piety mia lanceolata, J. 
Sm. ; FI. N. Z. ii. 43. Ehizome very short, covered with broad imbricating 
