390 
II. LYCOPODIACEiE. 
[. Lycopodium . 
N or them and Middle Islands: not rare in wet places, amongst grass, etc. A native 
of Australia, Tasmania, and New Caledonia. 
6. L. cerntrum, Linn. ; — FI. N. Z. ii. 54. Stem stout, creeping, 2-3 
ft. long, leafy, with erect, stiff, much divided branches 6-12 in. high. Leaves 
numerous, spreading, squarrose or incurved, -g- in. long, acerose or subulate, 
keeled, inserted all round the stem and branches, quite entire. Spikes short, 
terminal, sessile on short incurved branchlets, cylindric ; scales imbricated all 
round, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, with long serrate acuminate points, margins 
scarious and ciliate. 
Northern parts of the Northern Island: Bay of Islands, Cunningham, etc. A most 
abundant plant in all hot and subtropical climates. 
7. Xj. caroliniamum, Linn.; — FI. N. Z. ii. 54. Stem creeping and 
rooting, 2-6 in. long ; branches few, also creeping, never erect or ascending. 
Leaves imbricated all round, curved, ascending, subulate, i- £ in. long. Spike 
1-2 in. long, cylindric, on an erect lateral stiff peduncle which is 1-4 in. high 
and covered with erect subulate leaves. Scales peltate, in about 6 rows, stiff, 
broadly ovate below, with rigid spreading points, and scarious toothed rarely 
entire margins. 
Northern Island : Bay of Islands and east coast, Cnlenso, etc. A common plant in 
Australia, Tasmania, and in many tropical and subtropical parts of the world. 
8. Xj. clavatum, Linn.; — var. magellanicum, FI. N. Z. ii. 55. Stems 
stout, creeping below, rigid, 4-10 in. long; branches short, stout, erect, much 
fastigiately branched, 3-12 in. high. Leaves imbricating all round, spread- 
ing incurved or squarrose, sometimes subsecund, linear-subulate, quite entire, 
acuminate, not hair-pointed. Spikes 1-3 in. long, erect, cylindric, on solitary 
or twin, terminal, stout, leafy peduncles ; leaves on the peduncles shorter, 
often whorled. Scales peltate, trapezoid, toothed at the base, with long re- 
curved points. Spores granular. — L. mag Manic um, Swartz; L. fastigiatum, 
Br. ; L. pichinchense, Hook. Ic. PI. t. 85. 
Abundant in mountainous situations throughout the Northern and Middle Islands, 
Banks and So/ander, etc. Lord Auckland’s group and Campbell’s Island, J. J). H. 
Most abundant in subalpine South America, Tasmania, Australia, and the Antarctic islands. 
This is the southern variety of L. clavatum, a very cominou plant in the northern and some 
parts of the southern hemisphere, which has usually more or less serrulate and hair-poiuted 
leaves, but which is connected with it by numerous intermediate forms. 
9. L. scariosum, Ford. ; — FI. N. Z. ii. 55. Stems long, stout, creep- 
ing, often 2 ft. long, sparingly leafy, sending up prostrate or erect, flattened, 
flabellately divided branches 6—10 in. long and ^ in. broad. Leaves of 2 
forms, the larger 2-farious, coriaceous, falcate, ovate lanceolate, acute or acu- 
minate, laterally flattened, sessile, decurrent, -§■ in. long, dark green above, 
pale or glaucous below ; smaller leaves appressed to the under surface of the 
branches, more numerous, subulate. Spikes 1-3 in. long, solitary or gemi- 
nate, cylindric, on long or short peduncles, which are covered with imbricate 
subulate leaves. Scales somewhat 6-farious, ovate ; points broad, recurved, 
margins toothed. Spores areolate. — Hook. Ic. PI. t. 966 ; L. dccurrens, Br. ; 
L. Jussieui, Desv. ; Hook. Ic. PI. t. 186; L. Lessonianum, A. Rich.? 
O] e i mountainous regions throughout the Northern and Middle Islands; more 
rarely iu woods, Banks and So/ander, etc. Lord Auckland’s group, Lyall. Also found 
