402 
IV. MUSCI. 
[Sphagnum. 
compact of S. cymbifolium. Cortical cells without spiral fibres. Leaves, cau- 
liue obovate-lingulate, obtuse, denticulate ; branch-leaves ovate acuminate. 
New Zealand, Northern Island : Kerr , Knight. Description abridged from Mitten’s. 
4. S. cymbifolium, Dillenius ; — FI. N. Z. ii. 57. Steins long, stout; 
branches crowded, short, tumid. Cortical cells of the branches in several 
series, with spiral fibres. Leaves broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate, obtuse, 
concave, minutely rough below the tip. Inflorescence dioecious. — Wils. Bryol. 
Brit. 17. t. 4. 
Northern and Middle Islands : common, Colenso, Sinclair , TTaast, etc. (Various tem- 
perate climates). 
5. S. fimbriatum, TFils. in FI. Antarct. 398 ; — FI. N. Z. ii. 57. Stems 
long, slender ; branches slender, defiexed, with narrow tips. Stem-leaves 
obovate, obtuse, fimbriate at the tip, others ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; peri- 
chaetial obovate, obtuse, cucullate. Inflorescence monoecious. — Wils. Bryol. 
Brit. 21. t. 60; S. acutifolia, Mont. Voy. au Pole Sud, Bot. Crypt. 282. 
Middle Island, Lyall (a scrap), identified by Wilson. The cauline leaves are loosely re- 
ticulated, the proper cells are full of chlorophyll, the interstitial without a spiral fibre (Fuegia, 
Falkland Islands, Britain, etc.). 
6. S. australe. Mitten in FI. Tasm. ii. 162. — S. compaction, y. ovation, 
FI. Antarct. 122. Habit, etc., of S. cymbifolium, but the cortical layers of 
cells have no spiral fibres. Leaves of branches ovate, obtuse, of brauchlets 
ovate-lanceolate, obtuse. 
Campbell’s Island: in bogs, J. D. H. (Tasmania). 
7. S. antarcticum, Mitten in Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. 100. Also similar 
to S. cymbifolium, but differing in the cortical cells having no spiral fibre. 
From S. uustrale it differs in the suborbicular leaves of the branchlets. 
Campbell’s Island : in bogs, J. D. H. 
8. S. acutifolium, Elirliart. Stem elongate ; branches crowded, slender, 
attenuate, cortical cells in 3 or 4 layers, without spiral fibres. Leaves of stem 
ovate, erect, of branches erecto-patent, ovate-lanceolate, tapering, subacute, 
imbricate. — Wils. Bryol. Brit. 20. t. 4. 
Chatham Island, W. Travers; determined by Mitten. (Europe, etc) 
3. PHASCUM, Linn. 
Extremely minute, monoecious, green, ephemeral mosses, growing on earth, 
mudbanks, etc. Fruitstalks terminal, very short. Capsule erect, not dehis- 
cing. Operculum persistent and continuous with the capsule. Calyptra 
campanulate or cucullate. 
A considerable genus in temperate regions, rare in tropical ; the species, owing to their 
most minute size and fugacious character, are often overlooked, and require high powers of 
the microscope for their study. The genus has been divided by modern Cryptogamists into 
eight or more. 
Stems annual, erect, simple 1. P. apicutatum. 
Stems perennial, creeping 2. P. nervosum. 
1. P. (Acaulon) apiculatum, ILook.f. and Wils. FI. N. Z. ii. 58. t. 83. 
/. 1. A minute gregarious annual moss, each plant simple, the size of a grain 
