414 
IV. MUSCI. 
[ Campylopus 
stems simple. Leaves in interrupted tufts, usually piliferous, with very broad 
nerves, lamellated at the back. Fruitstalk terminal, arcuate, often clustered. 
Capsule often turned down or completely round and up again by the curving 
of the fruitstalk, ovoid, equal or strumose, seriated; annulus double, coiling 
off; teeth of Dicranum. Operculum obliquely beaked. Calyptra cucullate, 
fringed at the base. 
A large genus, especially common in tropical and southern mountains and oceanic islands, 
chiefly distinguished from Dicranum by the often interrupted piliferous leaves, the curious coil 
in the fruitstalks, and fringed calyptra. The species are often very difficult of discrimination, 
and the New Zealand ones are probably far from satisfactorily determined, owing to the 
want of good specimens, and different views of authors. 
I. Leaves with white hair-like points. 
a. Hair-like points reflexed 1. C. introflexus. 
13. Hair-like points straight. 
Leaves appressed when dry, gradually narrowed from an 
elliptic base 2. C. oppress folios. 
Leaves lanceolate, suddenly narrowed into short points . . 3. C. clavalus. 
Leaves lanceolate, suddenly narrowed into long points . . 4. C. torquatus. 
II. Leaves without hair-like points 5. C. bicolor. 
1. C. introflexus, Hedio. Sp. Muse. t. 29 FI. N. Z. ii. 69. Stems 
erect, branched, often proliferous and thickened at the ends. Leaves yellow- 
ish or yellow-brown or -green, densely imbricate, base broad, concave, lan- 
ceolate, sheathing, with a pellucid margin, suddenly contracted into a white, 
reflexed, toothed, hair-point; nerve broad, well defined below. Fruitstalks 
crowded, hidden amongst the perichsetial leaves. Capsule obovate, unequal, 
striated; operculum conical. — C. xanthophyllus, Montagne ; FI. N. Z. ii. 68 ; 
C. atro-virens, De Notaris ; Mont, in Yoy. Pole Sud; Bot. Crypt. 300 ?; 
Dicranum leptocephalum, C. Muell. in Bot. Zeit. 1851. 351. 
Common throughout the islands and in Xiord Auckland’s group aud Campbell’s 
Island, J. D. H. (A common southern and northern species.) 
Jt. C. appressifolius. Mitten, mss . — C. clavatus, FI. N. Z. ii. 62 (not 
of Brown). Stem 1-2 in. long, slender, simple, thickened above. Leaves 
dull green, appressed when dry, spreading when moist, gradually dilated 
from an elliptic-lanceolate base to an acuminate, hair-like, serrulate, hyaline 
point ; marginal cells below forming a subquadrate brown area on each side 
(Mitten). 
Northern Island: Mount Eden, near Auckland, Japp {Herb. Mitten). Middle 
Island, Lyall, barren. 
3. G. clavatus, Brown in Schwcegriclien, Suppl. t. 255 A; — FI. N. Z. 
ii. 69, in part. Stems densely tufted, dichotomously branched; branches 
much thickened at the tips. Leaves golden-yellow, below lanceolate, sud- 
denly acuminate into short, white, straight hair-points ; nerve solid. Fruit- 
stalk j in. long, red. Capsule pendulous or erect, striate. 
Northern Island: Taranaki hills, Jupp (Herb. Mitten). Middle Island: Nelson, 
Herb. A. Richard ; Dusky Bay, Lyall. I am indebted to Mitten for distinguishiug this from 
the preceding. (Tasmania, Australia, St. Paul’s Island.) 
4. G. torquatus. Mitten in Ft. Tasman, ii. 173. — C. pallidas. Hook. f. 
and Wils. FI. N. Z. ii. 68. t. 84. f. 3, in part. Stems short, nearly simple. 
Leaves soft, pale green or whitish, of lax and spongy texture, crowded, sub- 
