424 IV. musci. \_Leptangium. 
A very curious moss, also found in Australia, differing in its large lax cells from II ed- 
wigia and Anoectangium. 
1. L. repens, Mitt, in Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. 79. — Ancectangium, Hook. 
Muse. Exot. t. 106; El. N. Z. ii. 93.- — Stems very minute, in. high ; some 
barren, some fertile. Leaves on the barren stems spreading, nearly orbicular, 
apiculate ; on the fertile larger, whitish, imbricating, ovate, narrowed into a 
slender acuminate point, quite entire. Capsule sunk amongst the perichsetial 
leaves ; mouth very wide, closed by a horizontal membrane ; spores very 
large. Calyptra conical, covering only the tip of the operculum. Inflorescence 
monoecious; male usually axillary below the female ; antheridia with filiform 
paraphyses. — Anictnngium, Wilson in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, 143. t. 4 a. 
Northern Island : Raukawa range, Cotenso. (Australia, Tasmania.) 
25. GRIMMIA, Ehrhart. 
Tufted monoecious or dioecious, perennial mosses, often very dark coloured, 
and forming hemispherical tufts on rocks, etc., rarely on the ground, occa- 
sionally aquatic. Leaves often piliferous, white and transparent at the apex. 
Fruitstalk terminal, usually short. Capsule ovoid or oblong, annulate or not ; 
teeth 16, in one row, lanceolate, barred, perforate, entire or 2-3-fid, reflexed 
when dry. Operculum conical, convex or nipple-shaped. Calvptra mitri- 
form, oblique or lobed at the base, rarely cucullate. 
A large genus, especially in temperate countries. 
A. Schistidium. Capsule on a very short fruitstalk, hidden amongst the leaves. Oper- 
culum falling away with the columella attached. Calyptra minute, just covering the oper- 
culum 1. G. apocarpa. 
B. Grimmia. Capsule on a short curved fruitstalk, exserted. Calyptra larger. 
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, terminated abruptly by a hair; nerve vanishing 2. G. puhinata. 
Leaves linear-lanceolate, with a white hair-point ; nerve vanishing . 3. G. trichophylla. 
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, hair-pointed ; nerve percurrent . 4. G. basaltica. 
1. G. apocarpa, Hedwig. — Schistidium apocarpum, Br. and Schimp. ; — 
El. N. Z. i. 74. Nearly black ; stems loosely tufted, E-3 in. long. Leaves 
erect, then spreading, ovate-lanceolate, apiculate or obtuse, margin reflexed ; 
nerve disappearing below the transparent white tip ; perichsetial broader. 
Eruitstalk very short indeed. Capsule elliptic, sunk amongst the leaves, 
thick- walled ; annulus 0 ; operculum very broad, falling away with the colu- 
mella. Calvptra lobed, very small, capping the operculum only. — Schistidium, 
Wils. Bryol. Brit. 150. t. 13. 
Northern and Middle Islands : stones in and close to water. Bay of Islands, hanks 
of the Waitangi, J. B. H. Shores of Waikari Lake, Cotenso; Nelson, Travers; Otago, 
Hector and Buchanan. (Australia, Tasmania, Kerguelen’s Land, S. America, and through- 
out the northern hemisphere.) 
2. G. pulvinata. Smith ; — Ft. JSf. Z. ii. 75. Stems short, forming 
dense small hoary hemispherical tuffs. Leaves spreading, oblong-lanceolate, 
keeled above, terminated by a white hair; margin entire, recurved ; nerve 
vanishing. Eruitstalk short, decurved. Capsule turned downwards, ovoid, 
