450 
IV. MUSCI. 
[ Funaria . 
on burnt wood, soil, etc. Leaves very membranous, concave, reticulation lax ; 
nerve strong. Fruitstalk terminal, often long and flexuous. Capsule in- 
clined or pendulous, pyriform, curved, gibbous, smooth, oblique, often much 
contracted; annulus 0 or compound; peristome double; outer 18, oblique, 
closely -jointed teeth, united at their summits, and forming a reticulated disk, 
striated below; inner of 16 membranous, lanceolate, flat cilia, opposite the 
outer teeth, and adhering to their bases. Operculum very shortly conic. 
Calyptra large, cucullate, inflated, with a subulate tip. 
Some of the plants of this genus are amongst the most widely diffused ou the globe, 
F. hygrometrica especially appearing everywhere ou burnt ground. 
Leaves quite entire, nerve continuous. Operculum convex. Annulus 
compound F. hygrometrica. 
Leaves serrulate at apex, nerve vanishing. Operculum flat. Annulus 0 F. glabra. 
Leaves quite entire, uerve excurrent. Operculum flat. Annulus 0 . . F. cuspidata. 
1. F. hygrometrica, Hedwig ; — FI. N.Z. ii. 90. Stems short. Leaves 
imbricate, crowded into an oblong head, broadly ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 
concave, quite entire ; nerve continuous ; perichsetial serrate at the apex. 
Lruitstalk arcuate. Capsule pendulous, incurved, pyriform ; mouth wrinkled ; 
border red ; annulus compound ; operculum convex. — FI. Antarct. 135, 415 ; 
Wils. Bryol. Brit. 269. t. 20. 
Var. /3. calvescens. Stems more slender ; upper leaves spreading, twisted when dry. Cap- 
sule suberect. — F. calvescens. Schwaegr. Suppl. t. 65 ; "Wilson, 1. c. 
Abundant throughout the islands, and as far south as Campbell’s Island ; also in the 
Kermadec Islands and Chatham Island. One of the commonest mosses in the world, 
almost sure to appear where wood has been burned. 
2. F. glabra, Taylor in ITook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 57 ; — FI. N. 
Z. ii. 91. Stems very short. Leaves erecto-patent, obovate, apiculate, ser- 
rulate at the apex ; nerve vanishing below the apex. Fruitstalk erect, twisted 
to the left. Capsule clavate-pyriform, curved, gibbous ; annulus 0 ; inner 
peristome imperfect ; operculum nearly flat ; margin not coloured. 
Northern Island : Ahuriri and Raukawa mountains, Colenso ; Auckland, Knight. 
(S.W. Australia, Tasmania.) 
3. F. cuspidata, IFook.f. and Wils. FI. N. Z. ii. 91. t. 86./. 3. Stems 
A iu. high. Leaves spreading, nearly flat, ovate, acuminate, quite entire ; 
nerve far excurrent. Fruitstalk pale, 1 in. long. Capsule erect, pyriform, 
small, quite symmetrical ; annulus 0 ; inner peristome imperfect ; operculum 
nearly flat. 
Northern Island : Bay of Islands, J. I). II. 
43. ENTOSTHODON, Schwsegrichen. 
Short, loosely tufted, biennial, monoecious mosses, growing in earth, 
rarely on stones. Stems short. Leaves membranous ; cells large, lax. — 
Fruitstalk terminal . Capsule erect, pyriform ; annulus 0 ; teeth 16, lanceo- 
late, simple or in pairs, inserted below the mouth, trabeculate on the iuner 
face, erect when dry. Operculum plano-convex. Calyptra cucullate, very 
membranous, inflated below. 
A small genus, chiefly confined to southern temperate climates. One is British. 
