IV. MUSCI. 
[. Isothecium . 
464 
A large tropical and temperate geuus, differing from Hypnum in the erect dendroid habit 
and usually curved cernuous capsules. All the New Zealand species are dicecious, some are 
amongst the handsomest mosses in the islands. Hypnum hispidum (p. 472) should perhaps 
be transferred to near I. pandum. I have great difficulty in discriminating some of the 
species under sections A 0 aud B j8. 
A. Stem erect, leafy, and more or less pinuatelv branched from the base. 
a. Leaves more or less serrulate ; nerve strong. 
Stem 2-3 in. Nerve spinulose at the back. Capsule erect, grooved . 1 . I. sulcatum. 
Stem 3-5 in. Nerve not spinulose. Capsule terete 2. I. pandum. 
fl. Leaves entire or nearly so ; nerve 0 or 2 faint. 
Stem 2-3 in. Leaves spreading, broad-ovate, acute, entire, 2-nerved . 3. I. Arbuscula. 
Stem 2-3 in. Leaves spreading, broad-ovate, acuminate, entire, 2- 
nerved 4. 1. ramulosum. 
Stem 1-2 in. Leaves spreading, narrow ovate-oblong, serrulate, 2- 
nerved 5. I. angustatum. 
Stem 1 in. Leaves erecto-patent, long acuminate, quite entire, 
nerveless 6. I. pulvinatum. 
Stem 1 in., very slender. Leaves imbricate, oblong, obtuse .... 7- L gracile. 
B. Hypnodendron. — Stem naked below, rigid, fastigiatelv branched above. 
a. Capsule terete ; operculum conical. 
Branches umbellate. Leaves ovate, serrate, cuspidate 8.1. Menziesii. 
Branches flattened. Nerve spinulose at the hack 9. I. Kerrii. 
f). Capsule grooved. Operculum with a slender bealc. 
* Branches not whorled, nearly simple, flatteued. Leaves ovate, 
serrate 10. I. spininervium. 
** Branches whorled, pinnate. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, serrate . 11. I. marginatum. 
*** Branches stout, densely fascicled or whorled. Leaves rigid, serrate, 
subulate-lanceolate. 
Branches w horled, suberect. Nerve terete, smooth 12. I. comosum. 
Branches fascicled, lateral, decnrved. Nerve keeled 13. I. Sieberi. 
. Branches fascicled, lateral, decurved. Nerve terete, spinulose at 
the point 14. I. comatum. 
1. I. sulcatum. Hook. f. and Wils. Fl. N. Z. ii. 104. Stems sub- 
erect, 2-3 in. long, subovate, pinnately or 2-pinnately branched ; branches 
divaricating, crowded. Leaves yellowish, crowded, imbricate, suberect, 
ovate, obtuse, mucronate, serrulate at the apex, concave; nerve solid, serrated 
at the back. Fruitstalk £ in. long, towards the top of the stem or on the 
branches. Capsule erect, cylindrical, 8-grooved, reddish ; teeth yellow, outer 
incurved when dry ; operculum subulate. — Leskea, Hook. Muse. Exot. 1. 164. 
Climacium, Bridel. 
Northern and middle Islands: Bay of Islands, J. D. H., etc. ; Auckland, Sinclair ; 
Canterbury, Sinclair and Haast. (Australia.) 
2. I. pandum, Hook.f. and Wils. Fl. N. Z. ii. 105. t. 89./. 1. Stems 
3-5 in. high, naked below, arcuate or deflexed ; branches pinnate. Leaves 
shining yellow-green, distichously imbricate, flattened, ovate or oblong, 
obtuse or apieulate, towards the apex serrulate; nerve stout; cells dot-like. 
Fruitstalk £ in. long, arcuate at the top. Capsule horizontal, subcvlindric, 
contracted at the base, nearly straight; operculum conical, beaked. 
