554 
VIT. LICHENES, 
Tribe V. Stereocaulei. Thallus shrubby, tufted , with a solid medullary axis. Apo- 
tliecia black or brown , terminal or lateral, with very rarely an obscure thalline border. 
8. Stereocaulon. 9. Argopsis. 
Series C. RAMALODEI. Thallus shrubby or filamentous, erect or 
pendulous, terete compressed or angular, without any basal crust or scales, 
tubular or solid. Apothecia usually with a thalline border. 
Tribe VI. Siphulei. Thallus of white opaque (fistular •) podetia. Apothecia unknown. 
10. Thamnoua. 
Tribe VII. Usneei. Thallus white or yellowish, branched , with a firm filiform axis. 
Apothecia peltate, with a thalline border which is often ciliate. 
11. Usnea. 
Tribe VIII. Ramalinei. Thallus terete or compressed, erect or pendulous, with lax 
pith or hollow internally. Apothecia with a thalline border. 
12. Aeectoria. 13. Ramai.ina. 
Tribe IX. Cetrariei. Thallus compressed, shrubby or foliaceous, lobed, shining, with a 
central pith. Apothecia marginal, with a thalline border. Spores small, simple. 
14. Platysma. 
Series D. F HYLLODEI. Thallus foliaceous, depressed, lobed or lacini- 
ate, with a fibrous pith. Apothecia peltate or discoid, with or without a 
thalline border. 
Tribe X. Peltigerei. Thallus dilated, under surface naked. Apothecia usually 
marginal. 
15. Nephroma. 16. Peltigera. 
Tribe XI. Parmeliei. Thallus dilated, rarely subterete or shrubby . Apothecia with a 
thalline border. Spermagonia with arthrosterigmata. 
17. Sticta. 18. Ricasolia. 19. Parmelia. 
Tribe XII. Gyrophorei. Thallus membranous or coriaceous, usually monophy/lous, 
attached by a point. Apothecia with a border of the substance of the disk , often compli- 
cate or gyrose. 
20. Umbilicaria. 
Series E. PLACOBIEI. Thallus crustaceous, scaly, granular, powdery or 
evanescent. Apothecia with or without a thalline border, sometimes linear. 
Tribe XIII. liecanorei. Thallus various. Apothecia with a thalline border, rarely 
without. 
21. Psoroma. 24. Ahphiloma. 27. Lecanora. 30. Thelotrema. 
22. Pannaria. 25. Squamaria. 28. Urceolaria. 
23. Coccocarpia. 26. Placodium. 29. Pertusaria. 
Tribe XIV. Xiecidiei. Thallus various. Apothecia without a thalline border. 
31. Cienogonium. 32. Byssocaulon. 33. Lecidea. 
Tribe XV. Graphidei. Thallus very thin, often invisible or beneath the bark. 
Apothecia like cracks, fiat or plicate, with or without a border. 
34. Graphis. 36. Peatygraphis. 38. Stigmatidium. 40. Melaspilea. 
35. Opegrapha. 37- Plagiographis. 39. Arthonia. 
